Cholestasis is a condition in which the bile outlet is blocked inside or outside the liver, allowing bile to seep into the bloodstream, causing jaundice. If the root cause of obstructive jaundice is a malignancy, the best and long-term outcome for the patient is surgical removal of the tumor.

Acute cholecystitis due to gallstones is an inflammation of the gallbladder, with the cause of obstruction caused by stones stuck in the neck of the cystic duct or large stones that interfere with the communication of the gallbladder with the biliary tree, acute cholecystitis is a leading surgical emergency in Vietnam. The disease is more common in women than in men, and occurs in middle-aged and elderly people.

Jaundice is a yellow tint to the skin, often accompanied by yellowing of the mucous membranes and conjunctiva of the eyes. This is a characteristic manifestation of hepatobiliary diseases, of which the most common is jaundice due to biliary obstruction.

ERCP stands for "Endoscopic retrograd cholangio pancreatography", which means endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. ERCP is a procedure that can be used to diagnose and treat various diseases such as gallstones, acute pancreatitis, and cholangitis.

GGT is an enzyme attached to the cell membrane, which catalyzes the transport of gamma-glutamyl groups from molecules such as glutathione to acceptors that can be amino acids, peptides...

Liver flukes are parasitic and pathogenic organisms in humans. They invade the digestive tract and can spread to many other organs in the body, including the brain, in extremely large numbers. Wet mount is a method of diagnosing liver flukes, but the sensitivity is not high, so doctors will prescribe many additional methods to diagnose, treat and monitor the disease.

Peripapillary diverticula are often closely associated with the common bile duct and pancreatic duct, and their removal can be a risky procedure. Fortunately, they usually have a wide neck. These diverticula are asymptomatic in themselves, but if they are adjacent to a large duodenal papilla, they can interfere with the hepatopancreatic ampulla, especially if the diverticula are located on the bare side of the duodenal papilla, making catheter placement difficult (a contributing factor to catheter failure) or prone to perforation during endoscopic sphincterotomy.

Dysfunction of Oddi is a rare clinical entity that is often overlooked in the typical differential. Although the process of dysfunction of Oddi is not inherently dangerous, effective treatment can improve the patient's quality of life.

Balloon cancer of Vater is one of the rare gastrointestinal cancers, so the diagnosis is still difficult. Currently, scientists have not found the cause of the tumor around the ampulla of Vater, but only rely on some typical symptoms to determine the stage of the disease. If the tumor around the ampulla of Vater is detected and treated early, it will save the patient from a major surgery and provide a better quality of life.