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Blood viscosity is determined by red blood cells and plasma protein composition. Measurement of blood viscosity is very valuable in the evaluation of thrombotic diseases.1. Biochemical characteristics of blood
Blood is a red liquid tissue, salty taste, formed together with the vascular system, is an important organizational component of the body, the volume of blood is 1/13 of the body weight. Blood tissue consists of blood cells called red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and extracellular fluid called plasma. Blood circulates inside the veins and arteries and performs many important physiological functions. The main functions of blood are protection, excretion, regulation and nutrition.Blood plays an important role in the process of respiration, transporting O2 from the lungs to cells and tissues, and bringing CO2 from the cells to the lungs to be eliminated. Blood protects the body through white blood cells, antibodies and a buffer system, participates in the regulation of body functions and chemical processes thanks to its ability to transmit hormones. Blood maintains osmotic pressure and acid-base balance.
Physical and chemical properties of blood characterized by density of blood, viscosity, osmotic pressure. The viscosity of blood is 4-6 times that of water, it depends on the number of red blood cells. If blood viscosity increases, it will make blood can not flow freely in arteries, reduce blood flow to organs such as heart, kidneys, brain,... Viscosity of blood is related to many co-morbid diseases with thrombotic complications.
Mô máu bao gồm các tế bào máu là hồng cầu, bạch cầu, tiểu cầu và dịch ngoại bào là huyết tương
2. What is the viscosity of blood?
Blood viscosity is determined by red blood cells and plasma protein composition. Normal value of blood viscosity is 2.3 - 4.1 centipoise at 37 degrees Celsius. Viscosity increases when the body loses water due to diarrhea, loss of sweat during labor or sudden cold,...In case of loss of a lot of water, not only changes in viscosity, but also is accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure and imbalanced homeostasis, so it is necessary to add physiological solutions to the body
Blood viscosity is sub-par Depending on many different factors such as:
Number of cellular components: polycythemia vera or thrombocytosis or a severe increase in white blood cell count can increase blood viscosity. Hemoconcentration: Concentration is often accompanied by increased blood viscosity. Deformability of erythrocytes: mean diameter of capillaries is generally <5 μ, while mean diameter of red blood cells is 7-8 μm. Therefore, red blood cells must change shape to adapt, being able to pass through the peripheral capillaries. Some pathologies that deform red blood cells, such as sickle cell anemia, are associated with a decreased ability to change the shape of red blood cells with secondary increase in blood viscosity. Aggregation of RBCs: Aggregation proteins that are able to bind red blood cells together to form erythrocytes are fibrinogen, globulins, very low-density lipoproteins, and circulating immune complexes. This aggregation of red blood cells causes a decrease in blood flow and an increase in blood viscosity. Plasma viscosity: increasing high molecular weight protein increases plasma viscosity, thus increasing blood viscosity. In addition, these proteins cause the formation of erythrocytes and predispose to thrombotic complications.
Độ nhớt của máu được quyết định bởi hồng cầu và thành phần protein trong huyết tương
3. Meaning of measuring blood viscosity
There are many diseases that are often associated with thrombotic complications and are accompanied by increased blood viscosity, increased erythrocyte aggregation or decreased ability to change the shape of red blood cells. Among these diseases, can include diabetes, high blood pressure or hyperlipidemia. However, it is often difficult to determine whether the detected abnormalities are the true cause or effect of clinical thrombotic events.The blood viscosity test is very valuable in the evaluation of thrombotic diseases. Especially valuable for patients with diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, polycythemia vera, arteritis of the lower extremities, and hypergammaglobulinemia... The test is useful to detect hyperthyroidism or blood viscosity to decide on a treatment option.
Blood performs many important functions in the body. One of the important physicochemical properties of blood is its viscosity, which is determined by red blood cells and the protein composition of the plasma. Therefore, blood viscosity testing is of great value in the evaluation of thrombotic diseases.
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