This is an automatically translated article.
Once HIV progresses to the terminal stage, the mortality rate of people living with HIV will increase quite a bit. Without treatment, people who have progressed to the end stage usually only live for about 3 years. If the patient has a dangerous opportunistic infection, the survival time is only 1 year.1. When is HIV diagnosed in late stage?
After the T-CD4 lymphocytes of a person with HIV fall below 200 cells per 1μL of blood volume, they are diagnosed with end-stage HIV, or AIDS.
AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, human immunodeficiency virus, which means this HIV virus damages the body's defense system. Once HIV progresses to AIDS, end-stage HIV symptoms begin to spread and the mortality rate of people living with HIV increases dramatically. Without treatment, people who have progressed to AIDS usually only live for about 3 years. If the case has a dangerous opportunistic infection, the survival time is only 1 year.
2. Symptoms of late stage HIV
When the number of CD4 T cells falls below 200 cells per 1μL of blood, the cell-mediated immunity is disabled and an infection caused by a variety of opportunistic microorganisms occurs.
End-stage HIV symptoms typically include:
Weight loss of more than 10% of body weight Fever, diarrhea, and cough that last for more than 1 month; Fungal infections of the oropharynx; red rash, blisters, lymphadenopathy and generalized itching; Tired body, not focused.
Nhiễm nấm ở hầu họng là một trong các triệu chứng HIV giai đoạn cuối
3. What Happens When You Have End-Stage HIV Symptoms
When HIV infection is in the last stage, the immune system of the patient's body is severely damaged, so as a result, the patient is susceptible to opportunistic infections, which are infections in the normal human body. very little or no infection.
3.1. Common infections Common infections associated with end-stage HIV include:
Tuberculosis (TB): Tuberculosis is the most common opportunistic infection and the leading cause of death in end-stage HIV. . Cytomegalovirus: The herpes virus is transmitted through bodily fluids such as saliva, blood, urine, semen, and breast milk, causing damage to the eyes, digestive tract, lungs, or other organs. Candidiasis: Candida is a common infection associated with late-stage HIV. It causes inflammation on the mouth, tongue, esophagus, or vagina. Cryptosporidiosis: People get this disease through eating contaminated food or water. The parasite grows in the intestines and bile ducts, leading to severe diarrhea in people with end-stage HIV. Cryptococcal meningitis: Cryptococcal meningitis is a common HIV-associated central nervous system infection, caused by a fungus found in soil. Toxicosis: This potentially fatal infection is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite that spreads mainly in cats. Seizures occur when the parasite spreads to the brain.
Ký sinh trùng toxoplasma gondii
3.2 Cancers in People with Late Stage HIV Kaposi's Cancer: A tumor that forms in the walls of blood vessels, this cancer is rare in normal people, but is common in people with HIV. Kaposi cancer can affect internal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract and lungs. Lymphoma: This cancer starts in the white blood cells. The telltale sign is painless swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, or groin. 3.3 Other diseases Unexplained weight loss: People with end-stage HIV infection may lose at least 10% of their body weight and be accompanied by diarrhea, chronic weakness, and persistent fever. Neurological complications: The disease can cause neurological symptoms such as confusion, forgetfulness, depression, anxiety, and difficulty walking. One of the most common neurological complications is dementia resulting in behavioral changes. Kidney disease: An inflammation of the small filters in the kidneys. Treatment is with antiviral drugs.
4. Methods to slow the progression of late-stage HIV
When testing or detecting HIV symptoms, the patient should be treated as soon as possible. The mainstay of treatment for HIV is taking antiretroviral drugs to stop the HIV virus from reproducing. This helps protect the CD4 cells, keeping the immune system strong enough to fight off disease.
Antiretroviral therapy also carries a risk of transmitting HIV to others. Some other ways that can help slow the progression of HIV to the end stage include:
Balance your daily diet. Exercise regularly And in moderation. Proper rest, avoid stress, maintain mental stability. Avoid tobacco and stimulants. Report any unusual HIV symptoms to your doctor right away. Safe sex
Quan hệ tình dục an toàn giúp làm chậm tiến triển của HIV giai đoạn cuối
Prophylaxis: For people without HIV, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) can reduce the risk of transmission. Tell your loved one: Discuss your illness with your loved one to receive health and psychological care from them. Talk to like-minded people: Join an HIV support group, either in person or online, as that's where you can meet other people who are also facing the disease. From there, they can support and encourage each other in life activities and disease problems. Vinmec International General Hospital offers a package of Examination and Screening for social diseases to help customers detect diseases early and have effective treatment and prevent dangerous complications. The screening package for social diseases at Vinmec is for all ages, both men and women.
To register for examination and treatment at Vinmec International General Hospital, you can contact Vinmec Health System nationwide, or register online HERE.
MORE:
3 routes of transmission of HIV HIV Symptoms by stages What are sexually transmitted diseases?
