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If hypothermia or increased body temperature exceeds normal limits, the body will create a series of responses to regulate the temperature to a safe level. Starting from the central nervous system, to the hypothalamus transmits to various organs and systems in the body.
1. What is the body's self-cooling mechanism?
Self-cooling (body temperature regulation) is a process that maintains the body's internal temperature back to homeostasis.
Human basal temperature is between 37°C and 37.8°C. If body temperature drops to 35°C or below it can lead to cardiac arrest, brain damage or even death. If your body temperature rises as high as 42°C, you can suffer brain damage or even death.
Factors that affect body temperature are mainly due to cold or hot weather conditions.
Inside the body, the temperature can be raised by the following factors:
Fever Exercise Digestion On the contrary, body temperature can be lowered by the following factors:
Drug use Use Alcohol use Metabolic conditions, such as an underactive thyroid gland The hypothalamus regulates the body's internal temperature. When the internal body temperature becomes too low or too high, the hypothalamus sends signals to the organs, muscles, glands, and nervous system to regulate the temperature back to normal.
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2. How does the body's self-cooling mechanism work?
When the internal body temperature changes, sensors in the central nervous system (CNS) send signals to the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus then sends signals to various organs and systems in the body. From there, these organs will respond in a variety of ways to regulate body temperature back to normal.
If your body needs to cool down, these mechanisms include:
If you need to cool down, the temperature regulation mechanisms in your organs work by:
Sweating: Excreting Perspiration through the skin can cool the skin, helping to lower body temperature. Vasodilation: The blood vessels under the skin dilate which increases blood flow to the skin which helps the body to release heat through thermal radiation. If an increase in body temperature is required, the thermoregulatory mechanisms work by:
Vasoconstriction: Blood vessels under the skin are constricted reducing blood flow to the skin, keeping the body warm Heat generation: Muscle mass, Organs and brains produce heat in different ways. For example, muscles can generate heat by shivering. Hormonal thermogenesis: The thyroid gland secretes hormones to increase metabolism, which helps to increase the energy that the body produces, thereby increasing body temperature.
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Reference source: healthline.com
