Currently, there is no single test or observation that is sufficiently reliable to diagnose sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, so a combination of clinical and biochemical, radiological, and manometry is required. sphincter.

Beginning in 1968, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was a turning point in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases. Therefore, an accurate indication for this screening is important given the potential side effects associated with the procedure. Early recognition and appropriate management of potential adverse events are essential to reduce associated morbidity and mortality.

Gallbladder (GB) dysfunction is a motility disorder caused primarily by metabolic abnormalities or by alterations in primary motility. Sphincter of Oddi (SO) dysfunction includes motor abnormalities of the biliary or pancreatic sphincter of Oddi.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is an endoscopic technique used to examine and treat diseases of the biliary tract, pancreatic duct, and gallbladder. The bile ducts are the tubes that carry bile from the liver and gallbladder; the pancreatic duct carries pancreatic juice from the pancreas. Both of these tubes empty into the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. So how is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography performed and what should be noted when passing the scope to the ampulla of Vater?