What is Ornidazole 500mg?

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Ornidazole 500mg drug contains the active ingredient Ornidazole, indicated in the treatment of bacterial and parasitic conditions such as amoeba in the liver and intestines or Giardia disease... Let's learn about the uses and usage of Ornidazole through article below.

1. What is Ornidazole?

Ornidazole 500mg medicine containing the active ingredient Ornidazole is indicated in the treatment of the following diseases:
Treatment of drug-sensitive bacterial and parasitic infections such as medical and surgical infections caused by sensitive anaerobic bacteria cold, prevention of anaerobic bacterial infections requiring surgical intervention at high risk; Treatment of diseases caused by susceptible protozoa such as urinary-genital Trichomonas infection, liver and intestinal amebiasis, Giardia disease. Pharmacodynamics:
Active ingredient Ornidazole is a derivative of 5-nitroimidazol, active against bacteria and anaerobic parasites. The drug acts by transforming into reducing products to interact with microbial DNA, causing damage to the helix structure of the DNA strand, thereby preventing protein synthesis and causing cell death of microorganisms. organisms sensitive to the drug. The antimicrobial activity of Ornidazole includes Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. Pharmacokinetics:
Absorption: After oral administration, the drug is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (approximately 90%) and reaches peak plasma concentrations after 3 hours. Repeat dose of 500mg after 12 hours. The peak and trough concentrations were 14 micrograms/ml and 6 micrograms/ml, respectively. Distribution: Less than 15% of Ornidazole is bound to plasma proteins. The drug is widely distributed in tissues, body fluids and even in the cerebrospinal fluid. Metabolism: Ornidazole is metabolised to a-hydroxymethyl and 2-hydroxymethyl in the liver. Elimination: Elimination half-life of approximately 13 hours. Of these, about 85% of a single dose is eliminated in the first 5 days of drug use as metabolites. Urinary excretion occurs mainly in the form of metabolites and conjugates to a lesser extent in the faeces. The drug and its metabolites are also partially eliminated via bile.

2. Dosage of Ornidazole 500mg

Dosage of Ornidazole 500mg depends on the age and condition of the patient, specifically as follows:
2.1. Dosage in adults - Amoebiasis:
Take 500mg/time x 2 times/day for 5-10 days. In some cases, patients can take a single dose of 1.5g in 3 days of treatment. Another use in patients weighing over 60kg is to take 1g/time x 2 times/day for 3 days; Patients with severe amoebic dysentery and amoebic liver abscess can take the drug intravenously, the starting dose is usually 0.5 - 1g. Then maintain a dose of 500mg every 12 hours for 3-6 days in combination with purulent drainage in the liver; Giardia disease: Take a single dose of Ornidazole 1g or 1.5g for 1-2 days. - Diseases caused by Trichomoniasis:
Take a single dose of Ornidazloe 1.5g or divide a course of treatment for 5 days with a dose of 500mg/time x 2 times/day; Treat both spouses or sexual partners. - Treatment of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria:
Administer intravenously with a starting dose of 0.5 - 1g, followed by a single dose of 1g/day or 500mg/time x 2 times/day within 5 - 10 days; In case the patient's condition is stable, it can be replaced by oral therapy with a dose of 500mg/time x 2 times/day. - Treatment of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria after surgery:
Administer the drug intravenously with a dose of 1g 30 minutes before surgery; Or take 1.5g 12 hours before surgery, then 500mg every 12 hours for 3-5 days after surgery. 2.2. Dosage in children Children weighing more than 35kg use the same dose as adults. For children weighing less than 35kg, the dose is as follows:
- Treatment of amoebic diseases:
Single dose of 25 mg/kg for 5-10 days; Children with amoebic dysentery can receive a single dose of 40 mg/day for 3 consecutive days; Children with severe amoebic dysentery and amoebic liver abscess can use Ornidazole intravenously at a dose of 20-30 mg/kg/day for 3-6 days. - Treatment of diseases caused by Giardia: Use a single dose of 30-40 mg/kg for 1-2 days.
- Treatment of diseases caused by Trichomonas: Use a single dose of 25 mg/kg.
- Treatment of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria:
Administer intravenously at a dose of 10 mg/kg, repeat the dose after 12 hours for a period of 5 - 10 days or use an oral dose of 20 - 30 mg/kg; Prophylaxis of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria after surgery: Oral or intravenous dose of 20 - 30 mg/kg before 12 hours of surgery and after surgery. Repeat dose after 12 hours for 3 days. 2.3. Dosage in Special Populations Patients with Hepatic Impairment: The half-life of Ornidazole 500mg is longer in patients with hepatic impairment, so twice the interval between doses is required in patients with hepatic impairment. Patients with renal impairment: Most patients with renal impairment do not need to adjust the dose, except in the case of patients undergoing hemodialysis requiring an additional dose of Ornidazole before performing the procedure.

3. Ornidazole 500mg . side effects

Some side effects when taking Ornidazole 500mg are as follows:
Common side effects: Nausea, digestive disorders, loss of appetite, unpleasant metallic taste, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea; Uncommon side effects: Itching, skin rash, urticaria, cholestatic hepatitis, increased liver enzyme values, jaundice, pancreatitis; Rare side effects: Erythema multiforme, angioedema, colitis, diplopia, myalgia, arthralgia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, anaphylaxis; Side effects of unknown frequency: Thrombophlebitis, muscle weakness, ataxia, dizziness, somnolence, hallucinations, numbness or tingling of extremities, glossitis, thrush, dark urine.

4. Notes when using Ornidazole 500mg

4.1. Contraindications to the use of Ornidazole 500mg The use of Ornidazole is contraindicated in people with hypersensitivity to imidazole derivatives or to any of its ingredients.
4.2. General notes: Stop treatment with Ornidazole in case of symptoms such as confusion, dizziness, ataxia. In addition, the patient needs to check the blood count in case of long-term drug treatment, people with a history of blood dyscrasias. Note for pregnant women: Do not use the drug in pregnant women, unless necessary and prescribed by a doctor. Note for lactating women: Do not use the drug in lactating women, unless absolutely necessary. Note to drivers, operating machines: The drug can cause confusion, dizziness. Therefore, do not drive or operate machinery when the above symptoms appear after taking the drug. 5. Drug interactions Ornidazole 500mg drug can cause some interactions as follows:
- Drug-drug interactions:
Concurrent use of Ornidazole and Disulfiram may lead to acute confusion or psychosis; Concomitant use of Ornidazole and Coumarin anticoagulants increases the anticoagulant effect; Concomitant administration of Ornidazole and Vecuronium bromide prolongs the duration of muscle relaxation. - Food-drug interactions:
Concomitant use of Ornidazole with alcohol may lead to disulfiram-like reactions in some patients. Above are the uses, dosage and use notes when using Ornidazole. To ensure safety and effectiveness, patients should take the medicine exactly as prescribed by the doctor and pharmacist.

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