Cytological examination together with histopathological examination plays an extremely important role in cancer pathology, providing a solid basis not only for diagnosis but also for treatment orientation and prognosis. Cytological examination is a simple, easy-to-perform test widely applied in many cases.

Pathology (Histology) or biopsy is a tissue sample taken from a living person for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment. Cytology is another type of material that can be taken from a living person for pathological examination, which is the type of cells present in body fluids (pleural fluid, peritoneal fluid, urine), or naturally exfoliated cells from the covering epithelium (vaginal-cervical epithelium, bronchial epithelium).

Cytology is a form of research on morphological changes of isolated cells obtained from organs in the body using different techniques, with the main goal of screening and diagnosing cancer.

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) dermatitis is a viral skin condition that is also commonly seen in patients with atopic dermatitis or contact dermatitis.

Diagnosing disease by looking for single cells or small clumps of cells is called cytology or cytopathology. It is an important part of diagnosis for some types of cancer.