This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted by Specialist II Lai Thi Nguyet Hang - Obstetrician and Gynecologist - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Ha Long International HospitalGestational diabetes usually doesn't show any symptoms even with a blood glucose tolerance test during pregnancy. However, a high gestational diabetes index can cause very serious effects for both mother and fetus.
1. Gestational diabetes index of pregnant women
Currently, diabetes (or diabetes mellitus) is considered a worldwide pandemic. Gestational diabetes is also on the rise, especially in pregnant women with pre-existing risk factors, such as: a family history of a parent, sibling with diabetes, previous pregnancy stillbirths, malformations, large children or those with a sedentary lifestyle, comorbidities, such as obesity, high blood pressure.To determine the gestational diabetes index, the doctor will order a blood sugar tolerance test during pregnancy (or a glucose tolerance test). With this test, pregnant women will have to fast for 8-12 hours before coming for the test. During the procedure, the pregnant woman is given a glass of sugar water, the doctor will take a blood sample to measure the blood sugar index before drinking sugar (fasting blood sugar), the second time after drinking sugar 1 hour and the third time after. when taking sugar 2 hours.
Pregnant women will receive the results of the pregnancy glucose tolerance test shortly after. Cases needing attention:
Fasting ≥ 5.1 mmol/L At 1 hour ≥ 10.0 mmol/L At 2 hours ≥ 8.5 mmol/L If the results are recorded as above, the pregnancy is The woman will be diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Depending on the index of gestational diabetes, pregnant women will be consulted by doctors about possible effects and given specific instructions on diet, reasonable living or proper drug treatment, aims to provide the best health care for both mother and child.
Trắc nghiệm: Bạn có hiểu đúng về dấu hiệu mang thai sớm?
Các dấu hiệu mang thai sớm không phải chỉ mỗi trễ kinh mà còn có rất nhiều dấu hiệu khác như xuất huyết âm đạo, ngực căng tức,… Điểm xem bạn biết được bao nhiêu dấu hiệu mang thai sớm thông qua bài trắc nghiệm này nhé!
2. Is gestational diabetes dangerous?
Elevated gestational diabetes will cause certain effects on the health of both the pregnant woman and her unborn child.Effects of gestational diabetes on the mother:
Increased risk of preeclampsia - eclampsia. Infections, nephritis, pyelonephritis and postpartum haemorrhage are common. Most of the fetuses are large, polyhydramnios, babies born with a weight of over 4kg, easily causing circulatory and respiratory disorders for the mother, easily causing trauma at birth. The rate of cesarean section is higher, and the risk of surgical complications is also increased. The mother eats a lot, drinks a lot, urinates a lot (sugar-sweetened urine), the risk of recurrent candida infection many times. Harmful effects of gestational diabetes on the fetus:
Increases the risk of fetal malformations, birth defects in nerves, muscles,... Increases the likelihood of multiple consecutive miscarriages or unknown stillbirth reason. Large fetus, when born, is prone to fractures, birth trauma and cesarean section. Increased fetal and neonatal mortality in the first week of life. Babies are born prone to respiratory failure, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, genetic risk of diabetes.
Tiểu đường thai kỳ ảnh hưởng xấu đến sức khỏe của mẹ và thai nhi
3. Menu for people with gestational diabetes
3.1. Foods pregnant women should eat
Should be divided into many meals a day so as not to increase the gestational diabetes index after eating and lower blood sugar too quickly when away from meals. Pregnant women should eat 3 main meals and allocate 1-2 snacks. Should eat lean meat, lean fish, tofu, yogurt, supplement with fat-free, sugar-free milk. It is recommended to use foods that cause low blood sugar, such as brown rice, beans, green vegetables, tubers, and low-sweet fruits. Note, for pregnant women in the last 6 months, should add 350cal/day. Breastfeeding women should add 550cal to their daily diet.
3.2. Foods that should be limited
Avoid eating foods that cause hyperglycemia: confectionery, sweet fruit, ice cream, tea, soft drinks... Reduce salty foods and limit the use of fast food, processed foods, and high salt content to prevent hypertension, including: dry, cold meat, instant noodles, porridge, canned food... Limit high-fat foods that cause hyperlipidemia, such as: animal skins, egg yolks, foods fried food, viscera (liver, heart, kidney). Do not use stimulants, high in sugar, including: alcohol, beer, coffee, condensed tea, sweet fruit juice.
3.3. Suggested menu for pregnant women with gestational diabetes
The following is a suggested menu for pregnant women with an energy level of 2,400 Kcal/day/person.
Gợi ý thực đơn cho bà bầu bị tiểu đường thai kỳ
Menus for people with gestational diabetes need to ensure adequate energy supply for daily activities. In addition, women with an increased gestational diabetes index should pay attention to eating lightly, supplementing with adequate fiber (20-25g/day), trace elements and a variety of vitamins, especially vitamins and minerals. groups B, C, E, A. In addition, pregnant women should eat light (the amount of salt used is not up to 6g/day).
Thai phụ bị tiểu đường nên đo đường huyết và huyết áp thường xuyên
When choosing Maternity Package, pregnant women can:
The pregnancy process is monitored by a team of experienced doctors. Regular check-ups, early detection of abnormal problems. Maternity package helps to facilitate the birthing process. Newborns receive comprehensive care.
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