This is an automatically translated article.
The article is expertly consulted by Master, Doctor Luu Thi Bich Ngoc - Doctor of Radiology - Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine - Vinmec Times City International General Hospital. The doctor has 06 years of experience in the field of diagnostic imaging.Bladder cancer is a malignant disease, which can be caused by smoking, exposure to chemicals, polluted environment,... Ultrasound can detect tumors but cannot diagnose and evaluate Accurate assessment of bladder cancer stage. Therefore, patients need to do some more paraclinical measures such as cystoscopy, CT scan, urinalysis,...
1. What is bladder cancer?
Bladder cancer is cells in the bladder that mutate, grow uncontrollably, and form a tumor in the bladder.The bladder is a hollow organ located in the lower abdomen and has the function of storing urine excreted by the kidneys. The inside of the bladder is a mucosal layer made up of transitional and squamous cells.
Approximately 90% of transitional epithelial bladder cancers arise from transitional cells, and 8% of bladder cancers are squamous cell carcinomas.
Ung thư bàng quang có thể gây ra nhiều biến chứng nguy hiểm
2. Causes of Bladder Cancer
The cause of bladder cancer is currently unknown. However, several factors have been linked to bladder cancer including:Smoking Radiation exposure Parasitic infection Chemical exposure Polluted environment Family history of bladder cancer Occupations often exposed to hazardous substances such as rubber, chemicals, hairdressers, printers, weavers, ...
Hút thuốc lá tăng nguy cơ mắc ung thư bàng quang
3. Symptoms of Bladder Cancer
Bladder cancer symptoms are often difficult to detect. Some basic symptoms in the early stages of bladder cancer include:Fatigue, weight loss Hematuria may be intermittent, gross hematuria, whole lot. Pain when urinating Frequent urination, difficulty urinating, urinary incontinence Dark urine Some symptoms of urinary tract infection, urinary tract obstruction.
4. Can ultrasound detect bladder cancer?
Bladder ultrasound is the first imaging method indicated when a patient has problems with urination disorders.Ultrasound can detect stones, birth defects and detect tumors, evaluate the extent of invasion of the bladder wall or ureteral orifice causing fluid retention in the kidneys. However, ultrasonography cannot diagnose and evaluate bladder cancer, and cannot assess depth of invasion, extravesical spread, or lymph node status.
Therefore, the doctor may prescribe some other subclinical measures to serve the diagnosis of bladder cancer such as:
CT scan or MRI: CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis allows assessment of the level of bladder cancer. tumor spread, pelvic or retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis, visceral, pulmonary, and skeletal metastases, and upper urinary tract obstruction. UIV: Mainly used to evaluate kidney function when kidney damage is suspected due to invasive tumor, ureteral compression or chronic urinary tract infection. Bone scintigraphy: Bone scintigraphy is indicated when there is invasive cancer or locally advanced tumor and the patient presents with bone pain or elevated alkaline phosphatase levels.
Chụp MRI giúp hỗ trợ chẩn đoán bệnh ung thư bàng quang
Nội soi bàng quang bằng ống mềm
5. Bladder Cancer Treatment
If detected early, bladder cancer can be easily treated. The treatments for bladder cancer include:5.1 Surgery
It is a common method in the treatment of bladder cancer. Depending on the stage and grade of the tumor, the doctor performs the appropriate type of surgery such as: transurethral resection, partial cystectomy, total cystectomy, muscle removal. Nearby organs contain cancer cells.5.2 Radiation
This method can be done before surgery to reduce the size of the tumor. Or perform radiation after surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells. For bladder cancer patients who cannot undergo surgery, radiation will be given in two ways: internal radiation and external radiation.
Phương pháp tia xạ giúp tiêu diệt các tế bào ung thư còn sót lại
5.3 Chemochemistry
Chemotherapy is the use of one or more drugs in combination to kill cancer cells.To prevent bladder cancer, it is necessary to follow a healthy lifestyle such as avoiding exposure to chemicals and polluted water, not smoking, and having a reasonable diet. Moreover, bladder cancer can be cured if detected early, so it is necessary to have regular check-ups every 6 months for timely detection.
In a nutshell, bladder cancer is a malignant disease caused by cells in the bladder mutating, growing uncontrollably, and forming a tumor in the bladder. Bladder ultrasound is a diagnostic tool that can detect tumors. However, ultrasound cannot diagnose and evaluate bladder cancer stage, extra-bladder spread or lymph node status, so some other laboratory tests are still needed. Bladder cancer can be cured if detected early.
Vinmec International General Hospital is a general hospital with the function of examining and treating diseases. Accordingly, Vinmec has also performed endoscopic diagnosis, treatment, and cancer screening at an early stage with modern medical methods, which not only brings high efficiency but also minimizes complications. disease recurrence. The great success is because Vinmec is always fully equipped with modern facilities, examination and treatment procedures are carried out by a team of experienced and qualified doctors that will bring about treatment results. optimal for customers.
Please dial HOTLINE for more information or register for an appointment HERE. Download MyVinmec app to make appointments faster and to manage your bookings easily.
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