What you need to know about acute cystitis treatment

This is an automatically translated article.

The article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Vo Thien Ngon - Urologist - General Surgery Department - Vinmec Danang International General Hospital
Acute cystitis is an acute bacterial infection in the bladder, with the manifestation of a dull pain in the lower abdomen, frequent urge to urinate, a burning sensation when urinating, and sometimes blood and pus in the urine. Accordingly, it is necessary to adhere to the correct treatment regimen for acute cystitis, with adequate dosage and time to avoid recurrence as well as dangerous complications.

1. The principles of cystitis treatment

Inhibits and kills bacteria Identify and rule out favorable causes Prevent recurrence

2. Treatment of common acute cystitis

Depending on the severity of the infection and the existing conditions, your doctor will consider choosing one of the following medications to treat acute cystitis.
Trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazol : Choose a tablet with a strength of 80/400 mg, take one tablet in each, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 3 to 5 days. Cephalexin: Choose a 500 mg tablet, take one tablet in each, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 5 days. Nitrofurantoin: Choose a tablet with a strength of 100 mg, take one tablet in each, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 5 days. Amoxicillin-clavulanate : Choose 500/125 mg tablets, take one tablet each time, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 5 days. Fluoroquinolone: ​​This is not the first choice, only used when other antibiotics have failed or to treat recurrent acute cystitis. The drug of choice is norfloxacin 400 mg, take one tablet in each, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 3 to 5 days.

3. Treatment of acute cystitis in pregnant women

The doctor can use one of the same drugs as above to treat acute cystitis in pregnant women but with a longer duration of use:
Cephalexin : Choose a 500 mg tablet, take one tablet in a day. each time, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 5 to 7 days. Nitrofurantoin: Choose a 100 mg tablet, take one tablet in each, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 5 to 7 days. Amoxicillin-clavulanate: Choose 500/125 mg tablets, take one tablet each time, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 5 to 7 days. If the urine culture is positive, the choice of antibiotic should follow the antibiogram and pay attention to the drugs that are contraindicated in pregnant women.

4. Treatment of acute cystitis in men

Due to different anatomical structures, men are often at a much lower risk of cystitis than women. Therefore, when treating these subjects, it is important to find related causes such as prostatitis, orchitis, epididymitis, etc. to have an antibiotic choice and duration of treatment. for appropriate. When the relevant cause is unknown, the empiric duration of dosing should also be prolonged. Specifically, the common drug groups are selected as follows:
Trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazol: Choose a tablet with a strength of 80/400 mg, take one tablet in each time, take it twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 14 days. Cephalexin: Choose a 500 mg tablet, take one tablet in each, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 14 days. Amoxicillin-clavulanate : Choose 500/125 mg tablets, take one tablet each time, twice a day, 12 hours apart. Drink for 5 to 7 days. If the causes of acute or chronic prostatitis, orchitis, or epididymitis are detected due to special agents such as tuberculosis, sociopathogenic strains, etc., there will be separate treatment regimens.

5. Treatment of acute cystitis with favorable etiology

Eliminate the causes of urinary obstruction such as stones, tumors, birth defects, compression ... by natural procedures such as dilation, JJ catheter or surgical intervention. Only when the urine flow is good, not stagnant, bacteria will not have the conditions to multiply and cause disease.
If intervention is available, the duration of antibiotic use should still be 7 to 10 days. In these cases, intravenous antibiotics should be given to resolve the infection.

6. Non-pharmacological treatments

Drink enough water: It is recommended to drink more than 2 liters of water per day so that the urine output is at least 1.5 liters in 24 hours. It is recommended to drink a glass of water after waking up; Drink more water if the weather is hot, have physical activity or have to work outdoors. Do not hold urine for more than 6 hours. Bathe every day with clean water, especially women on menstrual days. Get in the habit of cleaning before intercourse and should urinate afterwards to avoid infection upstream. Use safe sex methods. Wear loose, ventilated clothes; Avoid tight clothing, poorly absorbent fabrics. In summary, acute cystitis is a disease that is often monitored and treated as an outpatient quite effectively if the patient strictly adheres to it. In order to do so, as soon as there are suspicious symptoms, it is advisable to go to specialized hospitals for early examination and correct treatment of acute cystitis, to deal with favorable factors to avoid recurrence. or its consequences.

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