The prevalence of pathogenic Candida species varies from region to region, from center to center, and even from unit to unit. Indeed, Candida infection is not one but several different conditions, with each Candida species exhibiting its own characteristics in terms of tissue tropism, invasiveness, virulence, and drug susceptibility. A solid understanding of local epidemiology and drug resistance patterns will help to make more informed treatment decisions while awaiting culture and antifungal results.

Invasive Candida infections are a major cause of human morbidity and mortality, causing a wide spectrum of clinical pathologies: from superficial dermatophytosis to invasive conditions such as candidemia and affecting distant organs (eyes, heart valves, kidneys, etc.).