Electrodiagnostics (commonly known as electromyography, electromyography, neuromuscular electrophysiology) is a functional examination method based on recording the electrical activity of peripheral nerve cells and muscle cells, thereby assessing the functional integrity of the peripheral nervous system and muscles.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common mononeuropathy, a localized injury to the median nerve due to compression at the carpal tunnel. The disease has a major impact on work and quality of life, is one of the major causes of absenteeism, and even loss of hand function. Early and accurate diagnosis is an important factor in treatment and preservation of hand function.

Mononeuropathies may result from local compression, inflammation, neuroma, trauma, or other causes. Compression (or entrapment) is the most common cause. Although mononeuropathies may also overlap with an underlying polyneuropathy, a review of polyneuropathies would be beyond the scope of this article.