This is an automatically translated article.
Otitis mastoid is a disease that can occur in all subjects, treatment methods include medical and surgical. Medicines to treat mastoiditis are used in cases where surgery is not necessary or to help reduce the risk of surgical treatment.
1. What is mastoid otitis?
Mastoiditis is an inflammation of the mastoid cells, usually caused by acute otitis media or chronic otitis media. Mastoid otitis can occur in all subjects, however, those with a high risk of mastoiditis are those with poor resistance, young children, otitis media caused by diseases such as measles, leukemia. pharynx...
Mastoid otitis is divided into acute mastoid otitis and chronic mastoid otitis. The treatment depends on each type that has appropriate treatment measures.
Viêm xương chũm là tình trạng viêm các thông bào của xương chũm
2. What you need to know about mastoid otitis media
With the previous treatment view that mastoid otitis should be treated with surgery. However, at present, not all cases are indicated for surgery, medical treatment is preferred, only when there is no improvement by medical treatment or the risk of complications is surgery indicated. .
Treatment drugs are indicated in each acute or chronic form.
2.1 Drugs for the treatment of acute mastoiditis Antibiotics Antibiotics in the treatment of acute mastoiditis are given broad-spectrum antibiotics or preferably antibiotics according to the antibiogram. The most commonly used group are 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins, because they can kill a wide variety of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Therapeutic doses are usually prescribed in high doses, but the dose is variable and depends on the specific disease situation. The route of administration is usually the intravenous route.
Possible side effects of the drug: Nausea, vomiting, digestive disorders, bloating, indigestion... These symptoms are usually transient, or disappear after stopping the drug.
In addition, this antibiotic may occur some rare and dangerous side effects such as: Skin necrosis, exfoliative dermatitis, acute systemic pustulosis... Patients need attention. Follow up to detect symptoms and see a doctor for treatment right away.
Some people with a history of allergy to this antibiotic or to any other drug need to tell their doctor to get the right medicine.
When taking the drug, do not arbitrarily stop using the drug until the course of treatment prescribed by the doctor has been completed for the best treatment effect.
Bệnh nhân nên tuân thủ nghiêm ngặt việc sử dụng thuốc theo đơn của bác sĩ
Anti-inflammatory drugs The anti-inflammatory drugs used are usually steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. These drugs are given intravenously for 3 to 5 days, then are given orally in low and tapered doses. The usual parenteral route of methylprednisolone for children is 1-2mg/kg body weight, oral medrol, prednisolone. These drugs have many side effects, but often with high doses, long-term use. Possible side effects such as peptic ulcers, digestive disorders, hyperglycemia...
In addition, in some cases, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen, meloxicam, diclofenac are indicated. ..Note that these drugs should not be used for people with peptic ulcers, people with asthma, uncontrolled bleeding diseases, children under 6 months old, pregnant women in the first or third trimester, lactating women...
Painkillers and antipyretics Commonly used drugs are paracetamol, which is commonly used to reduce fever and pain.
Topical ear drops This type of drug is an antibiotic, the purpose is to kill local bacteria, increase the treatment effect. To use ear drops that are made with antibiotics with high safety for the cochlea such as rifamycin
Nasal drops To help clear the nasal cavity, clear the middle ear and nasopharynx to help restore the inflamed mucosa in the middle ear more easily and drain the pus from the middle ear out through the eustachian tube. People with mastoiditis are indicated to use nasal drops with the main effect of anti-congestion, vasoconstriction, edema reduction, anti-inflammatory. Commonly used drugs are sulfarin, naphazoline, xylometazoline...
Người bệnh có thể sử dụng thuốc nhỏ mũi để chống viêm và sung huyết
2.2 Medicines for chronic mastoid otitis.
The dangerous type of chronic mastoiditis is typically otitis media with the presence of cholesteatoma, which is erosive to bone and can enter the brain to cause meningitis, brain abscess. In this case, surgical removal of the cholesteatoma is required. With chronic mastoid otitis is not dangerous, can be treated medically and used drugs like acute mastoid otitis if in acute inflammation. If in the chronic stage, only use ear drops alone under the guidance of medical staff.
3. Monitor when taking drugs to treat mastoid otitis
Cases of acute mastoiditis are treated in hospitals, do not arbitrarily use drugs at home without being examined and prescribed by a doctor. When drug treatment after 2 days, if clinical and laboratory symptoms improve well, they show a good response to medical treatment. Continue using the medicine until the disease is gone as prescribed. If there is no response to medical treatment, it is necessary to switch to surgical methods. Surgery is indicated to limit the risk of complications. After stable treatment, it is necessary to take medicine and re-examine according to the instructions of the doctor.
Bệnh nhân sẽ được chỉ định phẫu thuật để hạn chế nguy cơ biến chứng
Medicines to treat mastoiditis are prescribed by a doctor when treating the disease depending on the specific condition of the disease. Therefore, do not arbitrarily use the drug without an indication or without an accurate diagnosis of the disease.
Vinmec International General Hospital examines and treats common ear, nose and throat diseases, head and neck tumors, congenital malformations of the ear, nose and throat area with the most optimal internal and surgical methods for patients, both children and adults. Coming to Vinmec International General Hospital, patients will receive a direct, dedicated and professional examination from a team of qualified and experienced medical staff.
If you have a need for consultation and examination at the Hospitals of the National Health System, please book an appointment on the website for service.
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