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Carloten 25 is a cardiovascular drug used in cases of hypertension, angina, heart failure. So when using Carloten 25, what should be noted to be effective and safe? Let's learn about the drug Carloten 25 in this article.
1. What is Carloten 25?
Carloten 25 is prepared in the form of tablets with the active ingredient Carvedilol, 25mg content.
Carvedilol is a racemic mixture of 2 isomers with different effects: S-carvedilol has alpha1 and beta blockers, R-carvedilol only alpha1 blockers. Thus, carvedilol has vasodilator effects due to non-selective blocking of beta-adrenergic receptors and selective alpha1-adrenergic blocking. In addition, carvedilol in high doses also has a calcium channel blocker effect.
Carvedilol has no intrinsic sympathomimetic effect but stabilizes weak cell membranes. In addition, Carvedilol also has antioxidant effects due to its ability to reduce free radicals, inhibiting superoxide release.
Clinical studies have shown that when beta- and alpha1-receptor blockers are used in combination, they can result in a slight or no change in heart rate at rest, maintaining ejection fraction, renal and peripheral blood flow.
2. Indications of the drug Carloten 25
Carloten 25 is indicated in the following cases:
Hypertension (can be used alone or in combination with other drugs). Congestive heart failure (NYHA grade II and grade III). Chest pain.
3. Contraindications of the drug Carloten 25
Carloten 25 is contraindicated in the following cases:
Patients with hypersensitivity to any ingredient of the drug. Decompensated congestive heart failure (NYHA class IV) requires inotropic inotropes. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with bronchospasm. Severe bradycardia (<45-50 beats/min), first-degree atrial block II or III, cardiogenic shock. Severe liver failure, symptomatic liver failure. Severe hypotension (systolic blood pressure < 85 mmHg).
4. Dosage and how to use the drug Carloten 25
How to use :
Take the drug orally. To reduce the risk of orthostatic hypotension, Carloten 25 should be taken with food. In addition, to reduce vasodilatation in patients receiving concomitant therapy with Carloten 25 and an ACE inhibitor, Carloten 25 should be administered 2 hours prior to administration of the ACE inhibitor. Dosage for treatment of hypertension:
Adults: The initial dose is 12.5mg/day for the first 2 days, then increase to 25mg/day. The dose can be gradually increased to a maximum dose of 50mg/day (may be divided into 1 or 2 oral doses). The dose should be probed for at least 2 weeks. Elderly: The starting dose is 3.125mg every 12 hours. In case of need to increase the dose, it should be increased gradually and possibly up to a maximum dose of 50 mg/day in 1 or 2 divided doses. Dosage for congestive heart failure:
Initial dose is 3.125 mg every 12 hours for 2 weeks. Then it can be increased to 6.25mg every 12 hours, 25mg every 12 hours. The maximum recommended dose is 25 mg every 12 hours for patients under 85 kg and 50 mg every 12 hours for patients over 85 kg. Before increasing the dose, the doctor should check the patient's heart failure. If the patient's heart failure and urinary retention worsen, consideration should be given to increasing the diuretic dose or reducing the dose or temporarily discontinuing Carvedilol. If Carvedilol is discontinued for more than 2 weeks, when restarting, the dose should be re-administered at 6.25 mg/day and then continue titrating. The dose of diuretics should be reduced if vasodilating complications occur. The dose of ACE inhibitors and carvedilol should be reduced if symptoms of heart failure persist. The dose of Carvedilol should be increased only when the heart failure and vasodilation subside. Dose for treatment of angina:
Initial dose is 12.5 mg every 12 hours, after 2 days increase to 25 mg every 12 hours.
5. Undesirable effects of the drug Carloten 25
Most adverse effects of the drug Carloten 25 appear during the first period of treatment, are temporary in nature and disappear after a period of taking the drug.
Undesirable effects are usually dose related and pharmacological mechanism.
Common adverse effects (appearance rate > 1/100):
Body as a whole: Headache, muscle pain, fatigue, shortness of breath. Circulatory system: Postural hypotension, dizziness Digestive system: Nausea. Uncommon side effects (appearance rate 1/100 - 1/1000)
Circulatory system: Bradycardia. Digestive system: Diarrhea, abdominal pain. Rare adverse effects (incidence < 1/1 000)
Blood: Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia. Circulatory system: Poor regulation of peripheral circulation, syncope. Central nervous system: Depression, paresthesia, sleep disturbance. Digestive system: Vomiting, constipation. Skin: pruritus, urticaria, psoriasis. Liver: Increased liver enzymes. Eyes: irritation, decreased tear production. Respiratory: Nasal congestion.
6. Notes when using the drug Carloten 25
When using the drug Carloten 25 should pay attention to the following issues:
Caution should be exercised in patients with congestive heart failure who are receiving combination therapy with Carvedilol with drugs such as digitalis, diuretics or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors because of the risk of hypotension and/or decreased atrioventricular conduction. Closely monitor patients receiving Carloten 25 with atrioventricular block, peripheral artery disease, or impaired renal function (serum creatinine concentration >1.8 mg/dL or creatinine clearance ≤30). ml/min) or orthostatic hypotension. Because Carloten 25 may mask the signs of hypoglycemia, caution should be exercised in people with non- or poorly controlled diabetes. Carloten 25 may mask the signs of thyrotoxicosis. Carloten 25 may increase the body's sensitivity to allergens and cause hypersensitivity reactions. Carloten 25 and other beta-blockers should not be stopped abruptly, and the dose should be reduced gradually, especially in ischemic patients. The drug Carloten 25 reduces tear production, causing discomfort for patients wearing contact lenses. For pregnant women, Carloten 25 should only be used when the benefits outweigh the risks, because to date there is insufficient evidence for its use during pregnancy. Carloten 25 is excreted in breast milk. Therefore, if Carloten 25 must be used, breast-feeding should be discontinued. The drug Carloten 25 may impair the ability to drive and use machines, especially at the beginning of treatment or when taking the drug with alcohol because of the effect on consciousness. Common symptoms of an overdose of Carloten 25 include bradycardia, hypotension, bronchospasm, murmurs, respiratory disturbances, sinus block and hypoglycemia. If an overdose occurs, the patient should be transported to the nearest hospital or an ambulance should be called.
7. Drug interactions
Carloten 25 may interact with the following drugs:
Antihypertensives: Carloten 25 may increase the effect of antihypertensive drugs. In addition, taking Carloten 25 with drugs such as Reserpine, Guanethidine, Methyldopa, Clonidine, Guanfacine can lead to a drop in blood pressure and affect heart rate. Rifampicin: The antihypertensive effect of Carloten 25 is reduced when co-administered with Rifampicin. Clonidine: Withdrawal should be gradual after discontinuation of Carloten 25. Nifedipine: Concomitant administration of Carloten 25 and Nifedipine causes a sudden decrease in arterial pressure. Calcium channel blockers (Verapamil, Diltiazem or other antiarrhythmic agents): When Carloten 25 is combined with these drugs, hypotension, bradycardia, or arrhythmias may occur. Avoid using calcium channel blockers and intravenous antiarrhythmics while using Carloten 25. Digoxin: Carloten 25 may increase plasma digoxin concentrations. Insulin and/or oral hypoglycaemic agents: the hypoglycemic effect of these drugs may be potentiated when administered with Carloten 25. Sedatives (barbiturics, phenothiazines), tricyclic antidepressants, alcohol and vasodilators: these drugs increase the blood pressure lowering effect of Carloten 25. Anesthesia: Carloten 25 may increase the effect of local anesthetics on the heart, so inform your doctor about it. taking Carloten 25 before the anesthetic. The above is all information about the uses, dosage and precautions when using Carloten 25. To ensure your health and maximize the effectiveness of your treatment, you need to use Carloten 25 exactly as directed. doctor's instructions. Store Carloten 25 in a cool, dry place, the temperature is below 30 0C, avoid direct light on the medicine.
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