This is an automatically translated article.
Ribazid contains the ingredient Ribavirin, which is a synthetic nucleotide with a guanosin-like structure. The drug inhibits viral replication by interfering with RNA and DNA synthesis, and ultimately inhibiting viral protein synthesis and replication. The antiviral effect of Ribazid is mainly against susceptible virus-infected cells.
1. Uses of Ribazid to treat disease
Ribazid contains the ingredient Ribavirin, which is a synthetic nucleotide with a guanosin-like structure. The drug inhibits viral replication by interfering with RNA and DNA synthesis, and ultimately inhibiting viral protein synthesis and replication. The antiviral effect of Ribazid is mainly against susceptible virus-infected cells.
Ribazid is indicated in the following cases:
People with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection of the lower respiratory tract (including bronchiolitis and pneumonia) in children at high risk (especially children). premature birth, malnutrition, congenital malformations in the heart, lungs, immunodeficiency,...) need to be hospitalized. Although it is possible to start drug therapy before a patient has a diagnosis, Ribazid should only be continued when RSV infection is certain. Therefore, patients need early diagnosis results. Some cases of viral hemorrhagic fever include Lassa hemorrhagic fever, hemorrhagic fever with pulmonary syndrome (due to Hantavirus infection), renal syndrome, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. People with influenza virus A or B: Treatment should be started early within the first 24 hours. However, Ribazid is not the first choice drug for this population, should only use Ribazid when the disease has just started, preferably within the first 6 hours of illness. People with chronic hepatitis C virus infection with compensated liver disease (without liver failure) and who have not been treated with interferon or have relapsed after interferon alpha-2b therapy: Ribazid should be combined with interferon alpha-2b or peginterferon alpha- 2b for treatment, while Ribazid alone has no effect. This regimen is effective for both hepatitis C and HIV co-infection.
2. Contraindications of Ribazid
Do not use Ribazid in the following cases:
Patients with a history of allergy or hypersensitivity to ribavirin or to any other ingredient of the drug. People with ischemic heart disease or people with severe heart disease, uncontrolled or unstable heart disease within 6 months. People with severe kidney disease, including those diagnosed with chronic renal failure or with a creatinine clearance (ClCr) < 50 ml/min or patients on dialysis. Patients with sickle cell anemia, Mediterranean anemia (Thalassaemia).
3. Dosage and how to use Ribazid
3.1. Dosage of Ribazid Adults
Chronic Hepatitis C:
Use Ribazid in combination with interferon alpha-2b or peginterferon alpha-2b. The average oral dose is 800mg/day, divided into 2 times, the dose can be up to 1200mg/day for people weighing over 85kg. Always use Ribazid in combination with interferon (3-5 million international units/time, injected 3 times/week) or peginterferon dose 1.5 microgram/kg/time (1 injection/week). Duration of treatment:
Depends on the genotype (genotype) of the hepatitis C virus and whether the patient has been previously treated with interferon. Hepatitis C virus infection (mono) genotypes 1, 4, treatment for 48 weeks, type 2 and 3, treatment for 24 weeks, and types 5 and 6 have no clinical evidence. In the case of chronic hepatitis C infected patients with HIV co-infection, the above dose should be treated for 48 weeks regardless of genotype. Recurrence of interferon-treated hepatitis C: Continue interferon plus ribazid for 24 weeks. By week 24 of treatment, patients should be checked for response to treatment by measuring serum HCV RNA levels. If there is no response to treatment, the patient should discontinue the drug, as it is unlikely to be effective with further treatment. Dengue fever (Lassa hemorrhagic fever):
Prophylaxis: When there is a high risk of exposure, take Ribazid at a dose of 500 - 600 mg, orally 4 times a day for 7-10 days. Children
Ribazid is not recommended for use in children and adolescents (<18 years of age) due to insufficient data on safety and efficacy when combined with other medicinal products for the treatment of hepatitis. C. There are limited data on safety and efficacy in children and adolescents (6-18 years) in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a. Children should take the drug as prescribed by a doctor after the benefits and risks have been assessed on a case-by-case basis related to the use of Ribazid. Chronic hepatitis C:
Use Ribazid in combination with interferon alpha-2b or peginterferon alpha-2b. Children over 3 years old: 15 mg/kg body weight/day, divided into 2 times. Dengue fever (Lassa fever, viral fever):
Treatment dose in children over 10 years old: Use the same dose as adults. Prophylactic dose for children 6-9 years old: 400mg/time, 4 times/day for 7-10 days. Other subjects
Renal impairment: The dose of Ribazid should be reduced for patients with renal failure with creatinine clearance (ClCr) ≤ 50ml/min.
Creatinine clearance (ClCr) 30 - 50 ml/min: Alternate daily doses of 200 mg and 400 mg. Creatinine clearance (ClCr) < 30ml/min and cyclic hemodialysis: Dose 200mg/day. Patients with compensated hepatic impairment: No dose adjustment of Ribazid is required.
Elderly: Creatinine clearance should be calculated before Ribazid treatment
3.2. How to use Ribazid Ribazid medicine is manufactured in the form of film-coated tablets with the content of each tablet containing 600mg of Ribavirin, taken orally. Before use, patients should carefully read the instructions for use on the leaflet. When taking, the patient swallows the tablet whole with a full glass of water, with or without food. If the patient forgets to take a dose of Ribazid, take it as soon as possible as soon as he remembers. However, if this dose of Ribazid is too close to the next dose, the patient can skip the missed dose and take the next dose of Ribazid at the scheduled time. Do not take twice the prescribed dose of Ribazid at the same time.
4. Undesirable effects of the drug Ribazid
Common undesirable effects of Ribazid are:
Nervous system: Headache, fatigue, dysesthesia, hot flashes, confusion, increased sensation, dizziness. Body and skin: fever, flu-like symptoms, weight loss, hair loss, itching, dry skin, rash, rash, increased sweating, fungal infections, other viral infections. Musculoskeletal system: Myasthenia gravis, myalgia, arthralgia, rhabdomyolysis, muscle tremors, Blood: Anemia, decreased hemoglobin, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia. Digestive system: Nausea, anorexia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, abdominal distension, bleeding gums, mouth ulcers, pancreatitis, taste disturbances. Cardiovascular system: Tachycardia, increased or decreased blood pressure. Psychiatric system: Depression, insomnia, anxiety, forgetfulness, decreased concentration, emotional ease, excitability. Respiratory system: Cough, sore throat, rhinitis, sinusitis, shortness of breath, chest pain. Five senses: Vision, tinnitus, hearing loss. Endocrine - genitourinary system: Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, decreased libido in both sexes, menstrual disorders in women. Rare adverse effects of Ribazid are:
Blood: Hemolytic anemia. Respiratory system: bronchospasm (in people with a history of asthma, with obstructive ventilation syndrome), severe progressive interstitial pneumonia.
5. Be careful when using Ribazid
Patients using Ribazid should be aware of the following information:
Ribazid is not recommended for use in children and adolescents (<18 years) due to insufficient data on safety and efficacy. when combined with other medicinal products for the treatment of hepatitis C. Only limited data have been studied regarding the drug's safety and effectiveness in children and adolescents (6-18 years of age) when combined with this drug. peginterferon alfa-2a. Children should take the drug as prescribed by a doctor after the benefits and risks have been assessed on a case-by-case basis related to the use of Ribazid. In patients receiving Ribazid in combination with interferon alpha-2b, some psychotic symptoms such as depression, insomnia, excitability to suicide may occur, even in patients with a history or no history. previous history of mental illness. Therefore, it is necessary to closely monitor patients and use caution when using Ribazid with Interferon alpha-2b, especially in patients with a history of mental disorders, depression. Concomitant use of Ribazid and peginterferon alfa is contraindicated in patients with autoimmune hepatitis, decompensated cirrhosis, cirrhosis with chronic HCV infection, HIV coinfection decompensated cirrhosis, severe liver failure. Concomitant use of ribazid and didanosine is contraindicated, because serious undesirable effects may occur. Women of childbearing age: Because of the potential for teratogenicity, women taking Ribazid are unlikely to become pregnant or intend to become pregnant during and for 6 months after treatment. treat. Ribazid should not be used in heavy drinkers because of the increased risk of liver damage. Ribazid can cause abnormal blood disorders, so a complete blood count (red blood cell count, white blood cell count, white blood cell count, platelet count, blood clotting time) should be done before taking the drug and during the course of treatment. drug use. Periodic monitoring and blood testing in the 2nd, 4th and subsequent weeks of treatment, depending on the patient's condition, to do tests with the aim of timely detecting anemia. Note for pregnant women: Ribazid is toxic to the fetus and causes teratogenicity. Absolutely do not use Ribazid for pregnant women. Before giving Ribazid to a woman, it is necessary to have a pregnancy test to make sure that she is not pregnant. Men treated with Ribazid must also use contraception during sex during treatment and for at least 6 months after stopping the drug. Note to nursing women: There is not enough evidence to study whether Ribazid is excreted in breast milk. Therefore, in order to avoid adverse effects of Ribazid on nursing infants, do not use the drug in nursing women, or mothers need to stop breastfeeding before starting the drug. Precautions while driving and using machines: Ribazid has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines. However, when combining Ribazid with other drugs can cause side effects such as fatigue, drowsiness or confusion, so patients must be careful during treatment to avoid driving, operating machinery or doing other things. The job requires alertness. Hopefully the above article will help readers better understand about Ribazid. Use Ribazid only when prescribed by a specialist and during the course of taking the drug, the patient needs to discuss regularly with the treating doctor to get the best effect from the medication process and avoid unwanted side effects. would like.
Follow Vinmec International General Hospital website to get more health, nutrition and beauty information to protect the health of yourself and your loved ones in your family.
