Uses of Biocetum

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1. Uses of Biocetum

What is Biocetum? Each vial of powder contains Ceftazidime 1g and Sodium Carbonate. In which, Ceftazidime is a beta-lactam antibiotic Cephalosporin generation 3. This component has bactericidal effect through inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis enzyme. This inactivation interferes with the cross-linking of the peptidoglycan chain required for cell wall strength and stiffness. The result is a weakening of the cell wall, causing cell lysis. This active ingredient has a broad antibacterial spectrum, good effect against gram-positive anaerobic bacteria, aerobic gram-negative bacteria,..
Indications for use of Biocetum: Treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria colds in:
Lower respiratory tract including pneumonia, cystic fibrosis; Ear - nose - throat, chronic otitis media with pus; Skin, soft tissue, blood, bones and joints; Urinary tract (with/without complications); Gynecology: Endometriosis, pelvic cellulitis,...; Abdominal cavity (including peritonitis); Central neutral system; Weakened immune system leading to infections, especially cancer; Injuries, accidents (including burns); Prophylaxis of infection, treatment of encirclement while waiting for results of antibiogram. Contraindications to the use of Biocetum:
Patients with hypersensitivity to the ingredients of Biocetum or other Cephalosporin antibiotics.

2. How to take Biocetum

Route of administration: Deep intramuscular injection, intravenous infusion 2 - 4 minutes, drip infusion short time.
Instructions for drug use:
Dissolve the powder in the vial with distilled water for injection. The volume of water added (ml) in turn for each case is intramuscular, intravenous, intravenous infusion: Content 250mg: 1ml; 2.5ml; Content 500mg: 1.5ml; 5ml; Content 1g: 3ml; 10ml; 50ml. After reconstitution, it should be used immediately or stored for 24 hours at room temperature, 7 days at 2 - 8°C; When intravenous infusion, the drug solution should be diluted with compatible solutions such as: NaCl 0.9%, Glucose 5%, combinations of NaCl + Glucose, Glucose 10% + Ringer; Biocetum powder can be mixed with Lidocaine 0.5% - 1% in case of deep intramuscular injection; Before use, Biocetum injection solution should be checked visually, should not be injected if foreign molecules or colors are present; Clean the injection site and injection site, do not stab too hard to avoid injuring blood vessels.

3. Dosage of Biocetum

Dosage of Biocetum medicine as prescribed by the doctor or according to the manufacturer's dose. Dosage for each specific group of subjects is as follows:
Adults: Usually 1g/8 hours or 12 hours, intramuscularly or intravenously. Use another dose when infected in the following cases: Bone and joint: Use dose 2g every 12 hours; Skin and soft tissue, pneumonia : 500mg - 1g every 8 hours; Gynecological, peritoneal, meningitis - myelitis, severe infections, immunocompromised: Dose 2g every 8 hours; Cystic fibrosis with pneumonia: Use dose of 100 - 150mg/kg/day, divided into 3 times (maximum 9g); Elderly: Do not use more than 3g/day, especially in people over 80 years old: Children: From over 3 months to under 13 years old: Take a dose of 300-100mg/kg/day, divided into 2-3 times/day. day; Children ≤ 3 months old: Use dose 25-60mg/kg/day, divided into 2 times. Patients with renal failure: CC less than 5ml/min: 500mg every 48 hours; CC 6 - 15ml/min: 500mg every 24 hours; CC 16 - 30ml/min: 1g dose every 24 hours; CC 31 - 50mml/min: 1g dose every 12 hours; Peritoneal dialysis: Start with 1g, then maintain at 500mg every 24 hours; Hemodialysis: Administer 1g per dialysis session. Missed dose: This rarely happens because the injection of Biocetum is done by a healthcare professional.
Overdose: Biocetum overdose can cause symptoms such as convulsions, coma or neuromuscular excitability. When experiencing unusual symptoms, patients should immediately contact a doctor for early intervention. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are measures to help reduce the concentration of drugs in the blood.

4. Biocetum side effects

When using Biocetum, patients may experience some side effects such as:
Common: Thrombophlebitis, skin itching, rash, fever, redness and pain at the injection site; Rare: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, headache; Very rare: Abscess, Candida superinfection, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, vaginitis, increased Aminotransferase, increased alkaline phosphatase, granulocytopenia, neutropenia, transient lymphocytosis; Abnormal test results: False-positive urine glucose test, positive Coombs reaction without hemolysis,... Patients should immediately inform their doctor about side effects when using Biocetum to take timely remedial measures.

5. Be careful when using Biocetum

Some notes for patients to remember before and while using Biocetum:
Many studies have classified Biocetum as safe in group B for pregnant women and the drug can be excreted in breast milk in small amounts. Therefore, pregnant women and nursing mothers only use the drug when absolutely necessary, with a balance of benefits and risks, and an appropriate dose is prescribed by a doctor; Biocetum can cause headaches and dizziness, so it should be used with caution when operating machinery, driving,...; The Ceftazidime component in Biocetum is not active against broad-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli. Ceftazidime is active against Enterococci and Streptococci; For severe, life-threatening infections and immunocompromised patients, Biocetum can be used together with Aminoglycoside, Vancomycin, Clindamycin; In the process of mixing Biocetum powder with Carbon Dioxide released, cloudiness can be seen, but after 1-2 minutes, the solution will be transparent again; Use caution when using Biocetum for people with hypersensitivity to Penicillin, gastrointestinal disease; Pseudomembranous colitis may develop during treatment with Biocetum. In mild cases, this condition may resolve on its own when the drug is stopped. If symptoms are moderate and severe, rehydration, electrolytes, protein and appropriate antibiotics against C. difficile should be used; Use Biocetum at the right dose and time to avoid drug resistance; Biocetum should not be injected into the arteries, because it can cause vasoconstriction and necrosis; Children under 3 months of age only take Biocetum intravenously; Children under 2.5 years old only use the drug by intramuscular route and without Lidocaine; For cases of otitis media, it is recommended to combine the use of Biocetum with a reasonable and scientific diet.

6. Biocetum drug interactions

Drug interactions can affect the action of the drug, the effectiveness of the treatment or increase the unpredictable side effects. It is best for the patient to inform the doctor about the drugs and functional foods that he is using to have the appropriate indication. Some drug interactions of Biocetum include:
Chloramphenicol has an antagonistic effect with Ceftazidime (the main ingredient of Biocetum drug), causing inactivation. Therefore, patients should avoid using both drugs at the same time; Aminoglycoside antibiotic solution can reduce the antibacterial effect of Biocetum if mixed together; Ceftazidime and vancomycin can cause physical incompatibilities, precipitation if their solutions are mixed in 1 Syringe or 1 vial for infusion. When using Biocetum, patients should strictly follow and coordinate with all instructions of the doctor. This will ensure the effective treatment of the disease and avoid harmful side effects to health.
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