This is an automatically translated article.
Arisvanco has the main ingredient Vancomycin, administered intravenously. It is indicated in life-threatening, severe gram-positive infections to which beta-lactam antibiotics or cephalosporins are not sensitive.
1. What is Arisvanco?
Arisvanco drug has the main ingredient is Vancomycin hydrochloride 500mg, prepared in the form of lyophilized powder for injection. Vancomycin has a bactericidal effect through inhibition of bacterial cell envelope biosynthesis by binding to the carboxyl group at the peptide subunits containing free D-alanyl-D-alanine, thereby inhibiting peptidoglycan polymerase and trans peptide reaction. Vancomycin also affects cell membrane permeability and inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis. Due to the different sites of action, bacterial cross-resistance between beta-lactam antibiotics and vancomycin does not occur.
Vancomycin has a narrow spectrum of action, bactericidal activity against most Gram-positive bacteria. Most Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to drugs through reduced permeability of the outer membrane. Vancomycin has very good effect on aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, including: Staphylococcus aureus, especially Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis (including methicillin-resistant strains - MRSA), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and some strains of Group B Streptococcus.
Almost vancomycin antibiotic is not absorbed much from the gastrointestinal tract, so when used for systemic effects, it is usually used intravenously. After intravenous administration, the drug is widely distributed in body tissues and fluids, but vancomycin is almost impermeable to the cerebrospinal fluid if the meninges are not inflamed.
2. What are the effects of Arisvanco?
Arisvanco drug has bactericidal effect, indicated for serious life-threatening infections caused by staphylococcus and other Gram-positive bacteria that cannot be used with common antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin. due to drug resistance or patient intolerance). The drug is specifically used for infections caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including:
Patients with brain abscess, meningitis; Peritonitis due to continuous peritoneal dialysis and sepsis. Vancomycin is used alone or in combination with other antibiotics such as aminoglycosides to treat and prevent endocarditis. Treatment of respiratory or digestive anthrax. Treatment of pyogenic pneumonia, empyema, severe skin infections
3. Contraindications of Arisvanco
Arisvanco is contraindicated in the following cases:
Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the active ingredient Vancomycin or any ingredient in the formulation of the drug. Intramuscular administration is contraindicated due to the risk of necrosis at the injection site.
4. Dosage and how to use Arisvanco
4.1. How to use Arisvanco Arisvanco is used by intravenous infusion, as follows:
Add 10ml of sterile water to the vial containing 500mg of sterile Vancomycin powder. Thus, a solution containing 50mg/ml will be obtained. Solutions containing 500 mg Vancomycin must be diluted in a solvent such as 5% glucose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride solution to produce a diluent with a drug concentration not exceeding 5 mg/ml. It is then given as a slow intravenous infusion over at least 60 minutes (500mg dose) or 100 minutes (1g dose). In the case of those who need to limit the amount of fluid used for the patient, a 10mg/ml diluent can be infused, but such use increases the risk of unwanted effects. A continuous intravenous infusion of 1 - 2 g of Vancomycin mixed with 5% glucose or 0.9% sodium chloride solution may be sufficient for a 24-hour drip infusion. 4.2. Dosage of Arisvanco For Adults:
The usual dose for adults with normal kidney function: The dose is 500mg every 6 hours or 1g every 12 hours. Vancomycin is usually calculated based on the actual weight of the patient 15 mg/kg. Patients with staphylococcal endocarditis should be treated for at least 3 weeks. In meningitis or other CNS infections, vancomycin may be administered by intracortical or intraventricular injection to ensure optimal therapeutic concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid are achieved. Vancomycin is an antibiotic with a relatively narrow therapeutic range, so patients should be individualized by measuring drug levels in the blood to choose the right dose level for the patient, the ability to respond to treatment, and safety. complete and effective. For children:
Children from 1 month of age and older: Use at a dose of 10mg/kg, every 6 hours. Maximum 2g/day. Neonates: First dose 15 mg/kg, followed by 10 mg/kg every 12 hours for infants under 1 week of age, or a subsequent dose of 10 mg/kg every 8 hours for infants from 1 week of age week to 1 month old. Other subjects: It is necessary to adjust the therapeutic dose in patients with impaired renal function, premature infants and the elderly.
5. Arisvanco side effects
Arisvanco drug when used to treat, in addition to the main effect, there is also a risk of causing side effects including:
Common:
Low blood pressure accompanied by hot flushes, erythema of the face and upper body (synaptic syndrome) Vancomycin infusion syndrome), which is caused in part by histamine release and often by too rapid infusion. The syndrome is characterized by a sudden drop in blood pressure, which may be accompanied by hot flashes and the appearance of erythema or maculopapular rash on the face, neck, chest, and upper extremities. Usually resolves on its own after stopping the infusion. Chills, drug fever, eosinophilia, reversible neutropenia, phlebitis. Uncommon:
Erythema associated with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), ototoxicity, renal failure, Stevens Johnson syndrome, thrombocytopenia, vasculitis; C. difficile pseudomembranous colitis may also occur. When taking the drug, if you notice any unusual signs, you should immediately tell your doctor to be treated.
6. Things to keep in mind when taking Arisvanco
This is a strong antibiotic, used only when other antibiotics are not sensitive or contraindicated. Vancomycin is nephrotoxic and ototoxic, so it should be used with caution in patients with impaired renal function and avoided in patients with pre-existing hearing loss. Dosage should be reduced if absolutely necessary in these patients. Patients with limited renal function or those over 60 years of age should periodically have their hearing function checked and periodically monitor blood levels of the antibiotic vancomycin. All patients receiving Vancomycin should have their urine analyzed and renal function checked regularly. If long-term use or combination of drugs that cause leukopenia is required, the white blood cell count should be monitored. Because vancomycin can cause reversible neutropenia when treatment is stopped. To minimize the risk of reactions during intravenous infusion, including hypotension and heart attack, every 500mg of Vancomycin should be diluted with at least 100ml of solution and the diluent should be infused over at least 60 minute. Discontinue infusion if a reaction occurs. Change the infusion site frequently. Vancomycin is a strong tissue irritant and must be administered intravenously. Pain or necrosis occurs with intramuscular or extravascular injection. Be very careful when injecting the drug. Arisvanco should be used with caution in infants and young children due to incomplete renal function, there is a risk of increased drug levels in the blood. Note to pregnant women: Clinical experience and data on the use of Arisvanco in pregnant women are limited. It is not known if the drug affects fertility. Only use Vancomycin for pregnant women in cases of absolute necessity, for patients with very serious infections. For lactation: Vancomycin is excreted in breast milk. The effect of vancomycin on nursing infants receiving vancomycin is unknown. But because of the risk of harm to the baby, the decision should be made based on the importance of the drug to the mother to stop taking the drug or to discontinue breastfeeding.
7. Interactions and incompatibilities of Arisvanco drugs
Interactions with other drugs:
Anesthetics, if used concurrently with vancomycin, may increase the risk of erythema, hot flushes similar to histamine release and anaphylactoid reactions. Concomitant or concurrent use of nephrotoxic and ototoxic drugs, such as Amphotericin B, Bacitracin, Polymyxin B, Colistin, Viomycin or Cisplatin, require very careful monitoring. Co-administration with aminoglycoside antibiotics poses a high risk of nephrotoxicity and should only be used in cases of absolute necessity and must be carefully monitored. Vancomycin may enhance the neuromuscular blocking effects of drugs such as Suxamethonium or Vecuronium. Drug incompatibilities:
Vancomycin Hydrochloride solution has an acidic pH, so it is incompatible with alkaline preparations and unstable drugs at low pH. There has been found incompatibilities between Vancomycin with Aminophylin, Aztreonam, Barbiturates including Phenobarbital, Benzylpenicillin (especially in Dextrose solution), Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxon, Chloramphenicol Sodium, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate... In short, Arisvanco is an antibiotic... potent, narrow-spectrum, used when other antibiotics with less side effects are not sensitive and severe, life-threatening infections. The use of the drug should be prescribed and monitored by an experienced physician. Patients absolutely do not arbitrarily use at home.
