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Chemacin is an antibiotic indicated in infections suspected to be caused by severe gram-negative bacteria and is administered by injection. Below are some information about the uses and precautions when using Chemacin.
1. Uses of Chemacin
Chemacin 500 mg drug has the main ingredient Amikacin 500mg, which is prepared in the form of a solution for injection 500mg/2ml.
Amikacin is an antibiotic belonging to the Aminoglycoside group, a drug with bactericidal effect. Mechanism of action is because the drug binds to the 30S subunit of the ribosome and inhibits the transcription phase, thereby disrupting protein synthesis and killing bacteria.
The spectrum of action of antibiotic Amikacin: Amikacin is effective against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. The drug has little effect on most gram-positive bacteria and is not effective against anaerobes.
2. Indications and contraindications to the drug Chemacin
Chemacin is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by bacteria sensitive to Amikacin, including:
Severe respiratory tract infections; Osteoarthritis; central nervous system, including meningitis ; intra-abdominal infections such as peritonitis; Infections due to burns, infections after surgery. Severe urinary tract infections and recurrent urinary tract infections. Note Amikacin is not a first-line indication when other sensitive antibiotics are available with less toxicity. Staphylococcal infections are also associated with Gram-negative bacteria. Sepsis, including bacteremia in children when other antibiotics have not been effective. In the treatment of severe infections, Amikacin should be combined with a beta-lactam antibiotic for optimal activity against both gram-negative and positive bacteria. Do not use Chemacin 500 mg in the following cases:
History of allergy to Amikacin and Aminoside antibiotics or any of its ingredients. The patient has muscle weakness. Restricted use for pregnant and lactating women.
3. How to use and dose Chemacin
How to use: The drug is administered by intramuscular route and if necessary, it can be transferred to the intravenous line. To be used as directed and by medical personnel.
Dosage: The dose of the drug is indicated in accordance with each patient and the condition of the disease. Below is a reference dose.
Intramuscular: Duration of treatment is usually 7 to 10 days.
Adults and older children: Use the drug at a dose of 15mg/kg/day, divided into 2-3 doses/day, each dose is spaced from 8 to 12 hours. Newborns, premature babies: Start with 10mg/kg, then use 15mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses, each time 12 hours apart. Severe infections can be caused by Pseudomonas or not: The dose for adults is 500mg / time every 8 hours but not exceeding 1.5g / day, the treatment period lasts for 10 days. Urinary tract infections (except urinary tract infections caused by Pseudomonas): Use at a dose of 7.5mg/kg/day, every 12 hours. Patients with renal impairment may require a dose reduction or a longer interval between each dose. If there is no clinical improvement after 3 to 4 days, the best course of treatment or treatment should be reviewed according to the results of the antibiogram. Intravenous infusion:
To get the solution for infusion, it is necessary to mix the drug with compatible solvents such as: 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 5% dextrose solution, Ringer lactate solution. Infusion time: Choose with enough solution to infuse in 30-60 minutes for adults and in 1-2 hours for children.
4. Undesirable effects when using Chemacin
During use, the side effects that the patient may encounter include:
Common side effects: Toxic to the cranial nerve VIII causing the patient to tinnitus, hearing loss; nephrotoxicity with manifestations such as albuminuria, leukopenia, erythrocytosis, casts of urine, uremia, oliguria. Rare: Skin rash, fever, headache, paresthesias such as numbness, muscle tremors, nausea and vomiting, eosinophilia, anemia, hypotension. When experiencing any unusual symptoms, you need to notify and consult a doctor for a timely solution.
5. Notes when using Chemacin
When treating this drug in patients with renal impairment : If used for more than 5 days, it is necessary to have a hearing test before and during use. Discontinue treatment if signs such as tinnitus and hearing loss are observed. Patients should drink plenty of fluids while taking the drug to reduce nephrotoxicity. If the urine is red or the test has white blood cells, casts, albuminuria: The patient should drink plenty of water. If there are signs of oliguria, decreased urine output, increased serum creatinine, the dose of the drug should be reduced. If there is increased blood urea, decreased urinary excretion, it is necessary to stop taking the drug. When patients require anesthesia or are co-administered with high-dose neuromuscular blocking agents with Amikacin, the possibility of neuromuscular blockade causing respiratory paralysis should be controlled. Inform your doctor if you have a history of drug allergy, noting that cross-allergies with other aminoglycoside antibiotics may occur. Do not mix Amikacin with other antibiotics or share the same syringe or infusion bottle. The choice of antibiotic in patients with severe infections should be selected through the antibiogram so that an accurate decision can be made in the use of Amikacin or not. Pregnant women due to insufficient evidence of safety should only use when absolutely necessary. Drug interactions may occur, so caution should be exercised when using Chemacin with the following drugs:
Other antibiotics with nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity such as Kanamycin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, neomycin, Streptomycin, Cephaloridine, Viomycin, Polymicin B, Colistin, Vancomycin. Diuretics such as Furosemide, Mannitol can cause ototoxicity and increase the toxicity of Aminoglycosides. To prevent the risk of drug resistance, it is advisable to use the drug for a full time and in a sufficient dose according to each route of administration.
Medicines should be stored in closed containers, in a dry place, away from sunlight, at a temperature below 30 degrees Celsius. Keep out of reach of children. Do not use the medicine after the expiry date printed on the package or signs of lumps or damage.
Hopefully, through the article you have the basic information about the drug Chemacin. Any other questions you should ask your doctor directly. Using the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor will help you ensure your health.
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