This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted by Specialist Doctor I Le Van Quang - Ear, Nose Throat Doctor - Department of General Surgery - Vinmec Nha Trang International General Hospital. BSCKI. Le Van Quang is an expert in the field of ENT with 15 years of experience.Thyroid duct cyst is a congenital malformation caused by an embryonic abnormality in the formation of the thyroid gland. This malformation accounts for about 7% of the population and can occur at any age, especially children.
1. What is a thyroid duct cyst?
A thyroid duct cyst, also known as a thyroid cyst or a thyroid cyst, is a birth defect caused by an abnormality in the embryo during the formation of the thyroid gland. Thyroid cysts form due to a remnant of the thyroid duct and manifest as a mid-neck tumor.Thyroid duct cyst is a birth defect. Caused by abnormalities during pregnancy, when the fetus is developing thyroid gland. If left untreated, the cyst can become infected and leak pus.
Thyroid cyst is mostly located between the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage, accounting for about 60%. In addition, cysts can also be found on the hyoid bone in 24%, on the sternum 13%, and at the base of the tongue in 2%.
Nang ống giáp lưỡi là một dị tật bẩm sinh
2. Symptoms of Tongue Thyroid Cysts
The main symptom of a thyroid duct cyst is a tumor in the center of the neck. The tumor moves according to the swallowing rhythm, when touched, it will feel tight but the patient does not feel pain. This cystic tongue malformation is quite common, accounting for about 7% of the population and can occur at any age, especially children.Characteristic of thyroid cyst disease is slow progression, few symptoms. In addition to the presence of a small cyst located in the center of the neck, moving to the rhythm of swallowing, usually nearly round or oval in shape, the size of the tumor varies from 1 to 4 cm, the surface is smooth, painless, well demarcated, density and elasticity. Therefore, many patients are not diagnosed until 7-8 years old.
Many cases of cysts were superinfected and burst through the skin causing fistulas in the middle of the neck such as:
Fistulas are usually in the middle of the neck close to the hyoid bone Small fistulas The fistula is clear or milky mucus At this time, the patient usually come to the doctor with the manifestation of an infected tumor, swelling and pain in the neck, which may be accompanied by symptoms of difficulty swallowing, fever.
Khó nuốt là triệu chứng thường gặp của bệnh nang giáp lưỡi
3. Diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cysts
Thyroid cysts can be confused with cervical lymph nodes but are distinguishable. Cysts are usually located under the chin, stick to the hyoid bone, move with swallowing rhythm, and feel tight. And neck lymph nodes will appear on both sides of the neck, usually after an acute infection such as: Upper respiratory tract infection, sore throat, runny nose ..., painful to touch when acute inflammation. In addition, the disease can also be confused with a number of other diseases such as: lipoma, hemangioma, neurofibroma, epidermoid tumor,...To diagnose thyroid duct cyst, the doctor will conduct clinical examination and combined with paraclinical examination. The patient may be ordered to do some of the following tests:
Neck ultrasound CT scan Tumor puncture Tumor blood biochemistry Thyroid scan Contrast fistula X-ray MRI of neck area.
Chụp MRI giúp chẩn đoán nang ống giáp lưỡi
Conservative treatment: Using oral or injectable antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs Sistrunk surgery Surgery under endotracheal anesthesia Incision across the neck just above the cyst.
4. Complications of thyroid duct cysts
A thyroid cyst if left untreated can cause a number of complications including:Infection of the thyroid cyst causing swelling, heat, redness, pain, and possibly a purulent abscess Leaking pus through the skin or through the throat Disease May recur after surgery Neck deformity Hypothyroidism Tongue thyroid cancer. In summary, the thyroid duct cyst is a congenital malformation caused by an abnormality of the embryo during the formation of the thyroid gland. This malformation accounts for about 7% of the population and can occur at any age. Thyroid cysts can cause a number of dangerous complications if left untreated. Therefore, when there are abnormal symptoms in the neck area, it is necessary to immediately go to a medical facility for timely examination and treatment.
Please dial HOTLINE for more information or register for an appointment HERE. Download MyVinmec app to make appointments faster and to manage your bookings easily.
