The role of biochemical tests in clinical diagnosis

This is an automatically translated article.

The article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Do Thi Hoang Ha - Doctor of Biochemistry - Laboratory Department - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital.
Clinical biochemistry tests combined with examination play an important role in the diagnosis and detection of pathologies. Biochemical tests can show how the body's functions are working, whether there are any abnormalities?

1. What is clinical biochemistry test?

Biochemistry test is a test performed in conjunction with clinical examination when the patient has health abnormalities or during periodic health visits (recommended to perform about 6 months - 1 year). /time).
Biochemical test results provide indicators that allow clinicians to make an assessment of the functioning of functions in the body such as: liver, bile, kidney, blood sugar, blood fat, uric acid in the blood. blood, ...

2. List of biochemical tests

Common biochemical tests include:
Biochemical tests to help assess hepatobiliary function: Provides indicators to help clinicians identify the activity and function of the hepatobiliary system, which is common. are AST (GOT), ALT (GPT), GGT, albumin, bilirubin, protein, ... blood levels. Compared to normal, GOT and GPT are very high when there are problems in the liver, in which, GPT is higher and earlier than GOT before signs of jaundice appear. Biochemical tests of pancreatic function: the tests used are to determine blood and urine amylase activity. Another test that is specific for pancreatic function is the blood lipase test, which has different normal values ​​depending on the technique and reagents. Biochemical test to assess blood sugar level: in addition to blood glucose test, HbA1C is a special type of hemoglobin that combines hemoglobin and glucose by the reaction between glucose and hemoglobin to form glycosylated hemoglobin in red blood cells when the blood glucose level is high. blood sugar levels rise above normal for a sufficiently long period of time, indicating that the hemoglobin of red blood cells is saturated with glucose in the form of glyco-hemoglobin. By measuring the HbA1C level, the physician can determine the average blood glucose concentration in the previous 2-3 months of the patient. Biochemical tests to help assess urinary kidney function: Provides clinicians with indicators to help assess kidney and urinary system function including urea and creatinine concentrations in blood and water. urine. Biochemical test evaluates the levels of lipoproteins (fats) in the blood: Provides indicators such as levels of total cholesterol in the blood, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglycerides.

Quantitative biochemical test of uric acid in the blood: Quantifying uric acid levels in the blood to support the diagnosis, monitoring, treatment and prognosis of Gout disease. Biochemical test to assess respiratory function: Quantification of bicarbonate levels in the blood without exposure to air to assess respiratory function (true bicarbonate concentration corresponds to the true pH and PaCO2 of the blood sample) . Other biochemical tests: thyroid and parathyroid tests, liver cancer screening, prostate cancer...

3. The role of biochemical tests in clinical diagnosis of diseases

Biochemical tests in clinical diagnosis play the following important roles:
Early diagnosis: Combined with clinical symptoms, test results will allow early diagnosis and detection of many diseases. Currently, clinicians use test results to guide the diagnosis to a great extent, and up to 60% of diagnostic results are based on testing. The diagnosis must be correct and accurate in order for the right treatment to be possible. Differential diagnosis: Some diseases have similar symptoms, so biochemical tests are the basis to assist the clinician in the differential diagnosis of these diseases. Monitoring and prognosis: The results of clinical biochemistry tests also play a role in monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment methods after definite diagnosis of the disease, as well as the basis for making prognosis. good or bad disease. Based on that, the doctor can change the treatment method to suit the patient's condition. Screening: The results of clinical biochemistry tests are also the basis for doctors to screen for pathologies, minimizing costs of examination, testing and treatment. Depending on the pathology, the doctor will specify the next steps of examination, testing and treatment to suit the patient's condition, based on the results of the initial biochemical test.

Biochemical tests in clinical support for disease diagnosis play a very important role, which is the basis for doctors to choose treatment methods, monitor and evaluate after treatment as well as disease prognosis.
Biochemical testing is a type of test that is routinely performed in medical facilities as well as hospitals. Accordingly, this technique is also applied in the General Health Checkup packages at Vinmec International General Hospital so that doctors can identify the initial health status and have a direction for examination, diagnosis and stage. sick. Routine and intensive biochemical tests are performed at Vinmec International General Hospital on automatic and modern testing systems, quick and accurate results.
Periodic general health check-ups help detect health problems at an early stage. This is especially important for cancer. Vinmec's Department of General Health is always trusted and appreciated by customers for the quality of examination and services.
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