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Gestational diabetes is defined as sugar intolerance that occurs during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes has long been proven to cause complications for both mother and fetus. However, how mild gestational diabetes affects the fetus and mother is not well understood.
1. When to screen for gestational diabetes?
Pregnant women need to be screened for gestational diabetes in the following cases:
Pregnant women with high risk factors Age > 35, obesity Have a history of gestational diabetes Having a large baby > 4 kg Polycystic ovaries, stillbirth Unknown cause There is a family history of diabetes. Urinary tract (+) should be tested for gestational diabetes from the first prenatal visit.
Những mẹ bầu mắc béo phì cần được tầm soát tiểu đường thai kỳ giúp phát hiện sớm bệnh
In the case of pregnant women in the first 3 months of pregnancy, the same criteria for gestational diabetes should be applied (the criteria for HbA1C are omitted). Conduct diagnostic testing for gestational diabetes at 24 - 28 weeks of pregnancy for all pregnant women who have not been diagnosed with diabetes before. Perform tests to diagnose true (sustained) gestational diabetes for pregnant women with gestational diabetes from 4 to 12 weeks after giving birth (using the same diagnostic criteria for diabetes as normal people). Women with gestational diabetes should be tested for progression of diabetes or prediabetes at least every 3 years.
2. How to treat gestational diabetes
2.1. Blood sugar control goals
Pregnant women with gestational diabetes need to have positive and safe blood glucose control within a narrow range, to ensure safety for both the mother and the fetus. Fasting blood sugar < 5.8 mmol/l, 1 hour postprandial blood sugar < 7.8 mmol/l and 2 hours postprandial < 7.2 mmol/l.
2.2. Nutrition therapy
Total calories per day for people with gestational diabetes are calculated based on ideal body weight. Total energy per day is 30 Kcal/kg. Nutrition needs to ensure the necessary weight gain during pregnancy: 0.45kg/month in the first trimester, 0.2-0.35kg/week in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
Total energy for the whole day should be divided equally between 3 main meals and 3 snacks, but do not eat too many carbohydrates at breakfast.
Mẹ bầu mắc tiểu đường thai kỳ cần có một chế độ ăn uống hợp lý và khoa học
2.3. Drug therapy
To date, insulin human is the only drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of gestational diabetes. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes need to measure their blood sugar 4-6 times a day (before meals, 2 hours after meals and before going to bed). In addition, it is important to contact your doctor as soon as your blood sugar is high or lower than normal.
In summary, pregnant women with high risk factors should be screened for gestational diabetes at the first prenatal visit, pregnant women who have not been diagnosed with gestational diabetes before should be screened for gestational diabetes. between the 24th and 28th week of pregnancy. Pregnant women with gestational diabetes need to have their blood sugar controlled closely and regularly monitor the growth of the fetus in order to detect complications early and promptly and take appropriate and effective interventions. .
Mẹ bầu bị tiểu đường thai kỳ có thể được sử dụng Insulin trong phác đồ điều trị
At Vinmec International General Hospital, there is a package maternity service as a solution to help pregnant women feel secure because of the companionship of the medical team throughout the pregnancy. When choosing Maternity Package, pregnant women can:
The pregnancy process is monitored by a team of qualified doctors Regular check-up, early detection of abnormalities Maternity package helps to facilitate the process. birthing process Newborns get comprehensive care
Please dial HOTLINE for more information or register for an appointment HERE. Download MyVinmec app to make appointments faster and to manage your bookings easily.
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