This is an automatically translated article.
The article is professionally consulted by Master, Doctor Nguyen Ngoc Thang - Gastroenterologist - General Surgery Department - Vinmec Danang International General Hospital. The doctor has 17 years of experience in the field of gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery, and has over 9 years of experience in endoscopic intervention.Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a tumor that occurs in the gastrointestinal tract such as the stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, and even the esophagus. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors can be diagnosed by ultrasound or biopsy. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are mainly treated with surgery.
1. What is a gastrointestinal stromal tumor?
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor or gastrointestinal stromal tumor (English is Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor, abbreviated as GIST), referred to as GIST stromal tumor, is a cancer of the connective tissue cells with bone, or Also called sarcoma.
The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumors occur and develop in the stomach (about 60%), small intestine (35%), and a few in the esophagus, colon, and rectum. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are characterized by slow growth but can vary from benign to malignant with low to high grade.
2. Risk factors for developing gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Until now, the exact cause of gastrointestinal stromal tumor is unknown. The following factors are thought to increase the risk of developing a tumor, including:
Age: The average age at which a tumor shows symptoms is between 50 and 60 years old. Rarely, stromal tumors are detected under 40 years of age. Genes, genetics: Many studies have shown that gastrointestinal stromal tumors can be caused by mutations in the KIT gene and are likely to be passed on from parent to child. Although very rare, if inherited, tumors can appear in younger people in the family in later generations and develop more tumours. SEE ALSO: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
basics
Gen, di truyền là một trong các yếu tố nguy cơ phát triển u mô đệm đường tiêu hóa
3. Symptoms of gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Depending on the size and location of the tumor, the disease manifests differently. Tumors may form in the gastrointestinal tract, grow and affect other nearby organs and organizations, or may metastasize further. Therefore, the symptoms of the disease vary from person to person. However, the common symptoms of gastrointestinal stromal tumor may be:
Frequent feeling of nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain. Blood in the stool. Difficult or painful swallowing. Feeling full despite eating very little. Weak body, often tired, Can feel the tumor in the abdomen.
4. Diagnosis and detection of gastrointestinal stromal tumor
The following techniques are used to diagnose GIST stromal tumors, they are usually endoscopic with biopsy and endoscopic ultrasonography for staging.
Clinical examination Stool blood test CT scan, MRI, PET Endoscopic ultrasound Biopsy In which, endoscopic ultrasound and biopsy both help to accurately diagnose and classify the tumor stage.
CT scan cho thấy một khối không đồng nhất với đậm độ không đều (mũi tên trắng) trong vùng chậu và phúc mạc (mũi tên đen)
5. Treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Currently, gastrointestinal stromal tumors can be treated by the following methods:
Surgery: GIST stromal tumors are mainly treated by surgical removal of the entire tumor and tissue cells. around. This method is applied in cases where the tumor has not spread to other organs and organizations in the body. At that time, surgery will ensure that tumor cells do not remain, progress and metastasize. Patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor can be cured with timely surgery with high survival rate and time. If left untreated, stromal tumors can be fatal. Targeted therapy: Currently, target therapy is a new treatment that is able to accurately detect and destroy cancer cells. This method is performed on patients whose GIST stromal tumor has metastasized and cannot be operated on. However, this method still ensures the patient's quality of life. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib (TKIs): Tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib is a special drug indicated in the treatment of GIST stromal tumors by blocking signals to cancer cells for them to grow. This method is performed in cases of inoperable patient, metastatic GIST stromal tumor, or small tumor for surgery. In elderly patients, this method helps in postoperative adjuvant therapy. Depending on factors such as the characteristics of the tumor, the treatment method, the risk of recurrence, the rate and survival time of the patient varies. Although the disease can be chronic, the success rate in treatment is high.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor causes abdominal pain and other unpleasant digestive symptoms such as bloating, vomiting, bloody stools. When noticing the above abnormalities, the patient should go to the hospital specializing in Gastroenterology for timely examination, advice and treatment.
Tumors need to be examined by a gastroenterologist as soon as they are detected (usually incidentally through endoscopy, imaging or when symptomatic). At Vinmec hospital, there is a full system of gastrointestinal endoscopy, modern CT scanner and pathology laboratory to help accurately diagnose gastrointestinal stromal tumor, advise on appropriate and effective treatment methods.
The Department of Gastroenterology of Vinmec International General Hospital always receives satisfaction and high appreciation from customers by the quality of treatment, medical equipment and patient care services.
Top modern equipment in Vietnam: High resolution flexible gastrointestinal endoscope to detect cancer at early stage and accurate digestive diseases. American surgical robot has high precision, less invasive, fast patient recovery time. Team of highly qualified doctors: The doctors are well-trained at the leading surgical centers of Vietnam, Korea, Singapore, Japan, with high professional qualifications. Participate in short-term training courses abroad, update the latest techniques and treatment regimens in the world. Diagnosing and treating digestive diseases with the latest technology: Robotic endoscopic surgery with a success rate of up to 95%. Gastrointestinal endoscopy is painless and painless. Comprehensive patient care: Being the first hospital in Vietnam to apply the program of early recovery after surgery (ERAS), which shortens the hospital stay to only 3 - 5. Complication rate, cost of patients is reduced, bringing many benefits to customers. For examination and treatment with leading doctors of Gastroenterology - Vinmec International General Hospital, please register online.
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