If I don't have a period, will I ovulate?

This is an automatically translated article.

Can a woman get pregnant without her period? This is entirely possible, just not so common. So what is the role of menstruation, how does the mechanism work? How are menstruation and ovulation related?

1. Menstruation and pregnancy

Menstruation is the clearest sign that your reproductive organs are working hard to function properly. Menstruation marks the end of a cycle. The female reproductive system is quite complex, but it can be shortened as follows (in the case of a woman with a normal cycle):
At the beginning of menstruation, certain hormones inform the It's time to produce eggs. The egg, also known as the oocyte, is nestled in a follicle containing fluid and nutrients like a tiny ball. During the first half of the cycle (from 12 to 14 days), hormones are produced to stimulate follicles and eggs to develop. After this process, the eggs have matured. Halfway through the cycle (usually around day 14), the follicle bursts and an egg is released from the ovary, which is ovulation. The second half of the cycle (from about day 15 to day 25), after ovulation, the hormone progesterone prompts the lining of the uterus - the endometrium - to develop in preparation for a fertilized egg, or embryo. pregnant. During this process, the endothelium thickens, undergoing physiological changes to accommodate embryonic development. What happens next depends on whether you have sex within 5 days of ovulation. If it is, the sperm will swim to wait in the reproductive organs. Sperm can survive in the female reproductive organs for up to 5 days. Having sex at the time of ovulation, and the day after, is also possible to conceive. A woman becomes pregnant when sperm meets and fertilizes an egg.
If fertilized, the embryo will bury itself in the lining of the uterus between 7 and 10 days after ovulation. This process stimulates the body to produce different hormones in preparation for pregnancy.
If you do not conceive, the level of the hormone progesterone drops, signaling the endometrial layer to separate, this is when you have your period. With a normal cycle, when the endometrium is shed, the body begins to produce hormones that trigger the next month's ovulation cycle. Menstruation is the end of a cycle.
When female friends get their period, usually they ovulated (but not always) in the last 2 weeks. You need to ovulate to get pregnant. Women with regular cycles will also often ovulate regularly.

2. Ovulation but no period

If you're not getting your period, you may not be ovulating regularly. There are several reasons for this problem, however, this does not mean that you will not suddenly ovulate without having a period before.
As mentioned above, menstruation marks the end of a cycle. If ovulation occurs and the female friend does not conceive, menstruation will occur. But what if you have irregular periods? Depending on the cause of your menstrual irregularity, your period may suddenly begin.
We know the last part of the cycle is menstruation, but there is no clear sign that the female body has entered the cycle. Ovulation is possible, but the female friend does not notice. You only know you ovulated when you got your period, or you have sex during your "conception window" and get pregnant. Many times, female friends due to irregular cycles, do not know they are pregnant, because of irregular periods, female friends do not know when their period is late.

3. Irregular menstruation and ovulation

Ovulation but no period is entirely possible. It is caused by old uterine scarring or by certain hormonal medications.
There are also cases of menstrual bleeding but ovulation does not occur, usually because the lining of the uterus becomes too thick, unstable and peels off on its own. The lining of the uterus thickens but does not ovulate as the hormone estrogen, which is secreted before ovulation, continues to be produced without interference from another female sex hormone, progesterone, which is normally present. posterior surface of ovulation.
There are many causes of irregular periods, and many of these affect ovulation or interfere with pregnancy. In some cases, the cause of irregular periods is not clear.
Some of the factors that affect ovulation and fertility include:

3.1 Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is when a woman's body produces too many androgens – sometimes thought to be male sex hormones. Too much male sex hormone prevents a mature egg from developing and being released from the fallopian tube.
>>> Effects of androgens
Up to 21% of women experience Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, the most common cause of infertility due to absent ovulation. Polycystic ovary syndrome can be caused by a genetic disorder, but lifestyle factors, such as being overweight and a sedentary lifestyle, can also cause the condition.

3.2 Perimenopause

Perimenopause is a time when natural estrogen and progesterone drop, disrupting ovulation and menstruation before they disappear at the same time, signaling menopause. Normally, perimenopause lasts for about 4 years, but this period can be longer for some women.
The average age of onset of perimenopause is 47, while 51 is the mean age of the last menstrual period. Perimenopause ends and menopause begins – when a woman has not had a period for 12 months.
Although it is still possible to get pregnant during perimenopause, it is not easy at all as the eggs released are older and there may be less chance of conception. Eggs also may not be released in every cycle.

3.3 Thyroid disease

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped organ in the neck that regulates hormones, including hormones that affect ovulation and menstruation. One study found that nearly 14% of adolescent girls with thyroid dysfunction also had irregular periods.

3.4 Weight

Being overweight or underweight can cause a chain reaction that disrupts endocrine function. Thereby causing ovulation to disappear or sometimes not, leading to irregular periods.
According to a study published in the journal BMC Women's Health, women with a body mass index less than 20 or higher than 25 were 1.1 times more likely to have irregular periods than those with a BMI of 20 or more. 20-25.

3.4 Stress

Stress affects all bodily functions, including ovulation. In a study of healthcare workers, those with higher levels of cognitive stress were more likely to experience menstrual irregularities than those who did not.

4. How to get pregnant when menstruation is irregular?

When a woman ovulates, there is a chance of getting pregnant, but if her period is irregular, the chances of getting pregnant may be lower. Most importantly, have regular unprotected sex, preferably every 2-3 days.
If you are having health problems that affect fertility, applying the right treatment will help increase your chances of getting pregnant.
Losing weight or gaining weight safely also has a good effect. According to the PCOS Awareness Association, losing 5-10% of body weight helps regulate ovulation in women who are overweight. Female friends can consult a doctor to have a safe weight loss or gain regimen, such as an eating plan, exercise plan, ...
If a female friend has menstrual disorders due to hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, the doctor Your doctor will prescribe it to regulate thyroid hormones.

5. Do menstrual disorders affect pregnancy health?

Menstrual disorders can affect pregnancy health, depending on the cause of the disorder. Female friends should consult with a specialist about possible risks.
Pregnant women with PCOS have a higher risk of:
Miscarriage Gestational diabetes Preeclampsia – when blood pressure suddenly rises after 20 weeks of pregnancy Preterm delivery Pregnant women with hyperthyroidism Untreated thyroid gland carries a risk of stillbirth, premature birth, or a baby with birth defects.
A lot of women have irregular periods, mostly due to irregular ovulation. Irregular ovulation makes it more difficult to get pregnant, but doctors can help increase your chances of conceiving by treating an underlying medical condition that disrupts your periods and tracking your progress since you've conceived, helping to make sure pregnancy and healthy babies.

6. If your female friend wants to get pregnant

Doctors usually recommend trying to get pregnant for 1 year (or 6 months, if you're 35 or older) before a fertility test. However, this does not apply to women with signs or symptoms related to fertility, including amenorrhea.
If your period does not come, you may be facing the risk of infertility. Bring your partner in for the check-up as well, as there can be more than one reason you can't conceive, and male infertility is much more common than we think.
Depending on the cause of your female's not ovulating, and whether there are other fertility-related problems, treatments include lifestyle changes, weight loss or gain, changes in prescriptions, including treatment of the underlying cause.

7. If your female friend doesn't want to get pregnant

In case a female friend does not want to become pregnant, you should not consider your irregular periods as a method of contraception, even if you have been diagnosed with infertility before, unless your doctor advises otherwise.
As noted above, depending on the reason you are not menstruating, you may still ovulate but not have your period to signal you are fertile. Talk to your doctor about the best birth control method for you.
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Article reference source: verywellfamily.com, healthline.com