This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted with Specialist Doctor I Le Khac Hieu - Obstetrician and Gynecologist - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vinmec Ha Long International General Hospital.Breastfeeding is the wish of all mothers, it is also the best source of nutrition in the first years of a child's life. However, for patients with hepatitis B, can breastfeeding be done like many other mothers?
1. Hepatitis B is a dangerous infectious disease
Hepatitis B is a dangerous infectious disease that threatens public health. In Vietnam, up to 10 - 14% of people are infected with hepatitis B virus. The disease is often silent and has the ability to spread quickly, even mutate to cause fulminant hepatitis leading to death, long-term and severe consequences causing cirrhosis and liver cancer.In fact, the rate of pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus is also as high as 10-13%, transmission from mother to child is 44.7%. The main route of transmission is when the fetus passes through the vagina, after giving birth, breastfeeding and only 3-10% is transmitted through the placenta.
Pregnant women can get hepatitis B before or during pregnancy, but most of the time, pre-existing infections can go undetected. However, the hepatitis B virus does not adversely affect pregnancy. The fetus in the womb is still developing normally.
Accordingly, to ensure health and avoid the risk of infection to the fetus, after the baby is born, it is necessary to be vaccinated against diseases. If not protected immediately after birth, 50% of these children will develop chronic hepatitis and are at risk of cirrhosis in adulthood. The rate of children with acute hepatitis right after birth is 5-7% without obvious symptoms.
Viêm gan B có thể lây từ mẹ sang con trong quá trình mang thai
2. Possibility of hepatitis B transmission during pregnancy
Hepatitis B is a dangerous disease that is difficult to treat and leaves dangerous complications for the liver. In particular, this is a disease that often has no obvious symptoms and is very contagious, especially during pregnancy.Possibility of hepatitis B transmission during pregnancy:
1st trimester: 1% 2nd trimester: 10% 3rd 3rd trimester: 67% Detected viral replication by the serum HBeAg test, which is dangerous evidence of infectivity. Specifically, the test demonstrates the transmission of hepatitis B from mother to child as follows:
HBsAg (+) / HBeAg (+): 90% HBsAg (+) / HBeAg (-): 10-25% According to statistics, More than 95% of infants infected with hepatitis B in the perinatal period will progress to chronic hepatitis because of the immaturity of the infant's immune system, conversely in adulthood. Only 5-7% turn to chronic.
3 tháng đầu thai kỳ, tỉ lệ lây nhiễm là 1%
3. Is hepatitis B transmitted through breast milk?
As a dangerous infectious disease, many women with hepatitis B who are breastfeeding worry about whether hepatitis B can be transmitted through breast milk?In fact, breast milk still contains a certain amount of hepatitis B virus. However, hepatitis B virus can only infect babies if breastfed babies have cracked, cracked, or bleeding nipples. Therefore, when the child has cracked mouth, thrush, the mother needs to be treated for the injury site and stop breastfeeding the baby.
Besides, a mother infected with hepatitis B virus can still breastfeed her baby normally if the baby is protected by injecting the baby with hepatitis B serum (Ig-AntiB) 100 units right in the delivery room. , then vaccinate the newborn against hepatitis B in other parts of the body according to the 3-dose formula (immediately after birth, 2nd and 3rd month).
After weaning, mothers with hepatitis B need to be treated for hepatitis B and tested to limit the dangerous complications that hepatitis B can cause. If treating the disease during breastfeeding, the mother should consult a specialist doctor, should not arbitrarily use drugs, oriental medicine or functional foods. The mother should only use the drug with the advice of a qualified doctor to avoid causing side effects affecting the health and quality of breast milk.
Trẻ cần sớm được tiêm vắc - xin viêm gan B để tránh lây nhiễm virus viêm gan B từ người mẹ
4. How to prevent hepatitis B
As a dangerous disease, but hepatitis B is completely preventable by getting vaccinated against the disease as soon as the baby is born.For pregnant women who need to test for HBsAg in pregnant women's serum at the 6th month of pregnancy, if the result is positive (+), doctors will assess the level of transmission, do additional tests for HBeAg or DNA. and anti-HBe to guide the treatment of the disease and minimize the infection to the fetus.
Accordingly, the best way to prevent hepatitis B is to give hepatitis B vaccine to all women who have a negative HBsAg (-) sera before or during pregnancy to prevent pregnancy. disease prevention.
In addition, in order to minimize the transmission of Hepatitis B Virus from mother to child, during pregnancy, pregnant women need to be regularly monitored, have regular antenatal check-ups, choose the right time to conceive (preferably before conception). pregnant women should have a pre-marital health check), comply with the WHO vaccine vaccination regimen and the National Expanded Immunization Program for the healthiest children.
Vinmec International General Hospital uses a source of high-quality vaccines, of clear origin, suitable for the age to be vaccinated, ensuring safety from registration, storage to use. In addition, in order to improve service quality, Vinmec now also implements the program "PAYTERY PACKAGE" for pregnant women. Accordingly, pregnant women will be examined and tested for prenatal care, during childbirth and after birth. In case a pregnant mother is found to be infected with the hepatitis B virus, the mother and baby will be monitored and consulted by doctors during pregnancy, antibody tests to assess what stage hepatitis is in, from there. treatment, minimizing the risk of infection to the fetus.
With a team of highly qualified obstetricians and gynecologists, modern medical techniques, when choosing a maternity package at Vinmec, mothers will be comprehensively monitored from pregnancy to childbirth. and postpartum, making childbirth more comfortable and gentle.
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