This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted by Doctor Tran Quoc Tuan - Emergency Medicine Doctor - Emergency Resuscitation Department - Vinmec Phu Quoc International General Hospital.Type 1 diabetes is a type of diabetes with a distinct immune response-induced mechanism in which the presence of antibodies is evidence of type 1 diabetes. Therefore, the Antibody test. -GAD is one of the necessary laboratory tests to diagnose diabetes.
1. The relationship between GAD testing and type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is caused by an abnormality of the beta cells of the islet of Langerhans, which reduces the production of the hormone insulin, an enzyme that stimulates cells to absorb and use glucose in the blood, and stimulates the liver to convert glucose into glycogen. reduce blood sugar. Type 1 diabetes usually presents quite early in children, however a number of cases with similar abnormalities appear in adults called latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA).GAD (glutamic acid decarbon hydroxylase) is one of the substances involved in beta cell-specific autoimmune activation. In other words, the interstitial insulin production by pancreatic beta cells requires the enzyme GAD. Therefore, if for some reason the body produces specific Anti-GAD antibodies against GAD, then the body will not be able to produce insulin, leading to a buildup of sugar in the blood.
Anti-GAD is a test with the purpose of determining which type of diabetes is through measuring the concentration of antibodies against the GAD enzyme in the body. What is the GAD test for? Accordingly, this GAD test is often used in the following cases:
Assist in the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes or type 1.5 diabetes Check for diabetes with a C-peptide test and a blood pressure test insulin levels Determine the cause of the disease in diabetic patients over 30 years old Determine whether gestational diabetes in pregnant women is type 1 or not? Assess risk and monitor progression of type 1 diabetes
Để chẩn đoán xác định type đái tháo đường, bác sĩ chỉ định xét nghiệm GAD
2. Meaning of Anti-GADA . Test
More than 70% of patients with type 1 diabetes have anti-GAD antibodies in their blood, so the Anti-GAD test is very important in classifying diabetes, thereby helping to choose the right treatment regimen. right for the patient. Anti-GAD antibodies may be present together with anti-insulin antibodies or may be the only antibodies in the patient's blood. In addition, the Anti-GAD antibody test is also relevant to the prognosis of patients with future insulin-dependent transitions.However, it should also be noted that high levels of Anti-GAD in the blood, in addition to being seen in diabetes, can also be seen in diseases such as:
Cerebellar ataxia, brain disorders that cause muscle movement Sudden dysarthria of any type by measuring the concentration of antibodies against GAD enzyme in the body. However, in order to have the most accurate results, patients should choose reputable medical facilities to perform screening tests for early diagnosis of diabetes.
Currently, at Vinmec International General Hospital, there are full examination, screening and testing programs to diagnose diabetes. The entire process of examination, screening, determination of the condition and stage of the disease is carried out by experienced and well-trained specialists both at home and abroad. Besides, in order to improve service quality, in addition to fully equipped with the most modern facilities, at Vinmec, there are also packages of diabetes screening and hyperlipidemia so that customers can conveniently intensive examination and treatment.
For detailed information, you can go to Vinmec International General Hospital or register online.
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