What is blood fat? Blood fat composition

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Article by Doctor Pham Tuyet Trinh - Cardiovascular Center - Vinmec Times City International General Hospital.

Blood fat (blood lipid) is a component in the blood that contributes to the synthesis of a number of important substances in the body, it participates in metabolic processes and is a source of energy for daily activities.

1. What is blood fat?

Blood lipids include many different components, depending on the function, the size of each type will be divided under different names, with different molecular weights and different roles. There are four types of blood lipid components commonly tested when monitoring health, to assess cardiovascular risk, especially in people who already have cardiovascular disease: Hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes .. These are: Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL - cholesterol (High-density Lipoprotein - or good fat); LDL- cholesterol (Low density Lipoprotein - also known as bad fat). Lipoproteins are responsible for transporting lipids in the body. Lipids are insoluble in water, but after binding to proteins, the hydrophobic part of the lipid coils inward, the apoprotein part forms a shell around it, so it can be transported in the humoral medium. Depending on the amount of this lipoprotein attached to each type with different molecular weight, for example, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL).

The functions of these components are also different: Cholesterol participates in the structure of cell membranes; Triglyceride provides energy for the body, if too much also contributes to the formation of atheroma in the walls of blood vessels, HDL (good fat) is responsible for transporting excess cholesterol molecules from the organs to the liver for excretion. If HDL is low, the risk of atherosclerosis is increased. LDL (also known as bad fat) is responsible for transporting cholesterol back from the liver to the organs, to the cells; If too much cholesterol increases LDL, it will create plaque in the blood vessels.

2. What is dyslipidemia?

When there is dyslipidemia (or dyslipidemia) is when the blood lipid parameters change and are no longer in the normal range:
Blood cholesterol < 5.2 mmol/L (200mg/dL) Triglycerid < 1.7 mmol/L (150mg/dL) LDL-cholesterol < 2.58mmol/L (100mg/dL) HDL-cholesterol > 1.03mmol/L (40 mmol/L) Today as recommended by the American Heart Association (ACC) ) blood lipid index test is one of the indicators to assess cardiovascular risk, control and treat dyslipidemia to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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