Medicine for acute mastoid otitis

Acute mastoid otitis is a condition that can occur in many different subjects, the disease is considered quite dangerous if not treated promptly. So how to effectively treat acute mastoiditis?

Acute mastoid otitis is an inflammatory disease that occurs in mastoid cells located in the temporal bone. This is a serious medical condition that always accompanies acute otitis media. And if not treated in time, it can lead to chronic otitis media.

Acute mastoiditis is usually caused by bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and anaerobes such as: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ...
2.1 Diagnosis of acute mastoiditis Clinical characteristics The clinical symptoms of the disease may vary depending on the age and stage of the disease, the most common are:
Systemic symptoms: the most common is fever, May have high or low fever, accompanied by a feeling of loss of appetite, fatigue, restlessness, in young children, children may cry. Specific symptoms in the ear: on examination, the doctor can detect purulent discharge from the ear, the patient's hearing is reduced. The patient's ear is painful, swollen, and red in the skin behind the ear, especially with a fluttering mark behind the ear. Symptoms can be examined: when the doctor examines, the patient's eardrum can be red, swollen, and has a cow's breast image. 2.2 Diagnosis of acute mastoid otitis based on subclinical clinical examination Microscopic examination of the ear with otitis media Performed Schuller X-ray: observed on film, thick septal cell wall is not clear and there is place into the hollow cavities Temporomandibular computed tomography: showing stagnation of fluid and loss of interstitial spaces Blood count test: blood count shows elevated white blood cell count, especially neutrophils due to an infection.

3.1. Principles of treatment of acute mastoiditis: Medical treatment: patients receive broad-spectrum antibiotics in combination with high doses from the very beginning. Surgical treatment: for patients to perform surgery to avoid complications later. 3.2. Treatment protocol for patients with acute mastoiditis First, the patient is examined and given necessary paraclinical procedures such as otoscopy, X-ray and CT scan to accurately diagnose the disease. severity of acute mastoiditis. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, give the patient high doses of broad-spectrum antibiotics to reduce inflammation and pain
Perform surgery when a pus pocket has appeared, or bone conditions have developed. severe progression, or even when symptoms such as fever, fatigue, etc. in the patient still occur continuously without responding to medical treatment.
3.3. Specific treatment for patients with acute mastoiditis The choice of medical or surgical treatment is at the discretion of the physician and the patient based on the condition, symptoms, and severity of the disease.
For medical treatment, give patients strong, broad-spectrum antibiotics: 2nd or 3rd generation Cephalosporins. Steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, in the first 3-5 days, give patients by injection, then switch to to the patient orally and gradually reduce the dose. When the patient has fever and uncomfortable pain, give the patient more Paracetamol.
For surgical treatment, in severe advanced disease, to perform surgical treatment. Drainage of all pus in the bones and combined with cleaning of inflammatory tissue, re-establish circulation between the middle ear and mastoid.

Common complications in patients with acute mastoid otitis include:
Infection syndrome with temporal bone infiltrates. Nerve palsy VI or VII Encephalitis Intracranial complications: purulent or non-purulent meningitis, brain abscess or lateral cranial phlebitis

Prognosis of acute mastoiditis
Acute mastoiditis, if detected promptly and treated aggressively, will give a pretty good prognosis. Patients may have normal hearing, or hearing loss may be insignificant.
But if on the contrary, when the patient is not treated promptly, the long-term discharge of pus in the ear will cause the patient's hearing to be severely reduced. In many cases, if not treated promptly, causing dangerous complications, patients with acute mastoid otitis may also die.

Instead of curing the disease, actively prevent the disease and the best method to prevent acute mastoiditis is to prevent the inflammation from recurring. Regularly clean the ears, do not pick the ears too deeply, causing the ears to tear leading to infection, in addition, it is also necessary to pay attention to a diet rich in vitamins A and C to increase resistance to avoid infections. Once an ear infection occurs, it is necessary to immediately seek medical attention for appropriate treatment to avoid serious consequences in the future.
To prevent complications as well as minimize acute mastoiditis, which seriously affects health in the future. Patients should take the initiative to see a doctor when there are signs of disease onset.
Vinmec International General Hospital is currently the address for examination and treatment of common ENT diseases, tumors of the head, face, neck, congenital malformations of the ear, nose and throat area by internal - surgical methods. optimal for patients, both children and adults.
The examination and treatment at the hospital is always performed by a team of doctors with many years of experience, combined with a system of modern equipment and machinery, making diagnosis and treatment become easier. effective, shorten the hospital stay for patients.