Acute respiratory failure is the leading cause of hospitalization in children in the intensive care unit. Acute respiratory failure in children can be caused by many factors such as bronchitis, foreign bodies in the airways, asthma, neuromuscular disorders, etc.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia in children is a serious hospital-acquired infection and the most common of all hospital-acquired infections. If not diagnosed and treated promptly, the disease can progress to a very serious stage and cause many serious consequences.

Subglottic stenosis is a common condition in ENT emergencies, often caused by many reasons such as endotracheal intubation and laryngeal trauma. In order to effectively treat subglottic stenosis in children, it is extremely important to follow a certain protocol.

Tracheostomy care is a daily task to protect the patient's health. Care tasks include suctioning sputum, changing bandages, washing the tracheostomy, changing or cleaning cannulas, and inhaling to prevent local infection.

Tracheostomy is a necessary procedure in emergency or critically ill patients who are unable to breathe through their nose or mouth and an oxygen mask cannot provide enough oxygen.

Nowadays, more and more patients in both hospital and community are having tracheostomy tubes placed. This article briefly introduces the tracheostomy procedure, its benefits, complications, some methods of performing it and distinguishing between the types of tracheostomy tubes.

Modern medicine has researched many methods to treat laryngotracheal stenosis, endoscopic laryngotracheal stenosis surgery is one of them. According to research data to evaluate the effectiveness of laryngotracheal stenosis treatment methods, this technique has a fairly high success rate. Thus, it can be seen that endoscopic laryngotracheal stenosis surgery is a widely applied treatment method, safe and highly effective for patients.