Respiratory failure in newborns is a relatively serious and dangerous condition, with a high risk of death. Therefore, early recognition of signs of respiratory failure in newborns for timely intervention is extremely necessary.

Acute respiratory failure is a condition in which the respiratory system suddenly cannot ensure gas exchange function, causing hypoxemia, with or without increased blood carbon dioxide (CO2), expressed through arterial blood gas measurement results, with PaO2 < 60 mmHg, PaCO2 > 50 mmHg when breathing with FiO2 = 21%.