Spinal anesthesia is a procedure that is widely used in lower abdominal, lower limb, or urological surgeries. However, the drugs used in this anesthesia method can cause many dangerous side effects, typically headaches after spinal anesthesia.

Spinal anesthesia for urethral dilatation is a method of inhibiting nerve conduction through the patient's spinal cord. This technique is performed by injecting anesthetic into the subarachnoid space. Spinal anesthesia for urethral dilatation is the best way to help patients reduce pain during urethral dilatation surgery.

Compared with anesthesia, anesthesia is a method of pain relief during labor that brings many advantages. Spinal anesthesia is a pain relief technique performed before performing a cesarean section to help the mother give birth easily and without feeling pain. In this article, we provide some current updated reviews on the prevention and treatment of hypotension after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section.