Thyroid disease is any benign or malignant condition that affects the structure and function of the thyroid gland. Women are 7 times more likely to have hyperthyroidism and 8 times more likely to have hypothyroidism than men.

Hyperparathyroidism is a disease caused by the parathyroid glands in the body being overactive and causing high levels of calcium in the blood. If hyperparathyroidism is not treated promptly, it can lead to diseases such as: osteoporosis, high blood pressure, pancreatitis or stomach ulcers, kidney stones.

The parathyroid glands are a set of four small glands located behind the thyroid gland. They are important for bone health. These glands control the body's calcium and phosphorus levels. Hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism are characterized by changes in blood calcium levels and bone metabolism. They are conditions of excess or deficiency of parathyroid function.