Recently, H. pylori infection or H. pylori gastritis has been observed to be associated with iron deficiency anemia (IDA), and eradication therapy has been reported to be effective in improving ferrintin levels or even curing iron deficiency anemia. A similar relationship between idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a common hematological disease in children, and H. pylori infection has also been revealed through several clinical studies conducted by physicians.