Atrophic gastritis is usually caused by the bacteria H. pylori. Atrophic gastritis is often difficult to diagnose because there are no specific symptoms. However, if infected with H. pylori, common symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, unusual weight loss, etc.

Intestinal metaplasia of the stomach is a precancerous lesion in the process of chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and then adenocarcinoma. This is the most important precancerous stage of stomach cancer, so gastric biopsy will help diagnose stomach cancer early, bringing positive effects in the treatment of the disease later.