Left atrial obstruction: Mitral stenosis, left atrial mucinous tumor, left atrial thrombosis, congenital 3 atrioventricular chambers; Left heart failure: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction; Left ventricular volume overload leads to left ventricular systolic dysfunction and non-adherence to treatment and diet.

Pulmonary edema is a condition of excess fluid in the lungs. If pulmonary edema persists for a long time, it can cause many dangerous complications.

Acute pulmonary edema (OAP) is a condition of acute suffocation caused by many different causes that cause too much fluid to escape from the pulmonary capillaries, causing pulmonary edema. One of the main causes of acute pulmonary edema is cardiovascular diseases such as heart valve disease, myocardial infarction, myocarditis, etc. This condition is called cardiogenic pulmonary edema.