This is an automatically translated article.
Hard vein thrombosis is a disease that belongs to a group of thrombotic diseases similar to meningeal vein thrombosis. Hard vein thrombosis is caused by the formation of blood clots in the dural veins.
1. Causes of dural venous thrombosis
Causes of dural venous thrombosis include:
Spontaneous (usually infectious causes, especially in children). Sinusitis, otitis, mastoiditis, episcleritis, subdural inflammation. Meningitis, encephalitis. Sinus trauma, internal jugular venous catheter. Slow clotting (shock, dehydration). Overcrowding condition. The dural veins are located between the leaves of the dura. Dural venous thrombosis accounts for more than 2% of all strokes. This is also a special cause of stroke in children and young people, very difficult to diagnose.
Huyết khối tĩnh mạch màng cứng là một trong những nguyên nhân gây ra đột quỵ
2. Symptoms of dural venous thrombosis
One of the important features of DVT is that it causes symptoms ranging from a simple headache to sudden onset and complete paralysis on one side of the body.
Usually 90% of people with DVT complain of a severe headache. While 50% have typical stroke symptoms. About 40% have a vascular accident. In some special cases, depending on where the thrombosis is located in the dural venous sinus, the patient will have different symptoms, for example, the patient may lose memory or cannot speak.
In patients with symptoms such as: Headache and blurred vision, DVT can be confused with other conditions such as benign intracranial hypertension.
3. Diagnosis of dural venous thrombosis
To diagnose dural vein thrombosis, two main imaging methods will be used:
3.1 Brain CT scan When you go to the emergency room, the doctor in charge of the emergency room will first examine the mental function full menstrual cycle and brain CT scan. A CT scan helps the doctor find out if the brain is bleeding. If you are about to bleed, you need urgent surgery to drain the blood out.
Huyết khối tĩnh mạch màng cứng có thể được phát hiện bằng chụp CT não
3.2 Magnetic Resonance Vein (MRV) To diagnose dural venous thrombosis, a doctor needs to perform an MRV test. This is a test similar to an MRI, except that it only shows blood in the veins and skull. The test will show the location of the clot where there is a space on the vein.
When MRV is not available, CT and angiography can be used to view dural veins.
4. Treatment of dural venous thrombosis
4.1 Surgical treatment Indicated when dural venous thrombosis causes a lot of bleeding inside the brain, surgery must be performed in order to drain all the blood inside the skull.
This is important because brain hemorrhage can lead to rapid and fatal brain herniation. The surgery is called decompressive craniotomy.
Trường hợp nặng cần phẫu thuật để dẫn lưu hết máu đọng bên trong sọ
In some cases, increased intracranial pressure due to a large stroke requires lowering the patient's body temperature, or cooling the body temperature, to help prevent further brain damage.
Some experimental treatments have also been used in some hospitals, for example breaking up a hematoma inside the sinuses using intravascular thrombolysis
4.2 Drug treatment If the patient If there are no contraindications, anyone diagnosed with dural venous thrombosis should receive long-term treatment with an anticoagulant, eg heparin, Coumadin, and lovenox.
These medications are given to help prevent blood clots from getting bigger in the dural venous sinuses, helping to prevent blood clots from forming that can lead to a more severe stroke.
Dural vein thrombosis is a dangerous disease that needs to be diagnosed and treated promptly to avoid life-threatening complications.
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