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Acritel 5mg is a drug commonly used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, the drug can be used without a doctor's prescription. What is Acritel 5mg and what should be noted when using it?
1. What is Acritel 5mg?
Acritel 5mg is a product manufactured by Dat Vi Phu Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Company (Davipharm), Vietnam. Acritel medicine has the main ingredient Levocetirizine 5mg, this is an anti-allergic drug of the antihistamine group. Acritel is available in the form of long, white film-coated tablets with a dashed logo on one side.
Levocetirizine is a systemic antihistamine, it is a piperazine derivative, an isomer that is active with Cetirizine for potent and selective inhibitory effects at peripheral H1 receptors. After taking a single dose of Levocetirizine, this active substance will bind to 90% of receptors after 4 hours, after 24 hours it will only bind to 57% of receptors. It can be seen that the mechanism of action of levocetirizine is similar to that of Cetirizine.
In laboratory studies, levocetirizine inhibited eotoxins - inducers of eosinophils to migrate through skin and lung cells, thereby inhibiting the early stages of histamine-mediated allergic reactions, causing decreased migration of certain inflammatory cells and decreased release of mediators involved in delayed allergic response. Levocetirizine 5mg showed inhibitory effects on urticaria and erythema similar to those of cetirizine 10mg.
Levocetirizine is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, peak levocetirizine plasma concentrations are reached after 0.9 hours and steady state is achieved after 2 days of dosing. The extent of absorption of Levocetirizine is dose independent and is not affected by food.
Levocetirizine and Levocetirizine metabolites are eliminated mainly in the urine (85.4% of the dose), 12.9% of the dose is excreted in the feces. Levocetirizine is eliminated by glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion.
2. What does Acritel do?
Acritel 5mg is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of allergy-related conditions such as:
Seasonal allergic rhinitis; Chronic allergic rhinitis; Chronic idiopathic urticaria.
3. Dosage of the drug Acritel 5mg
How to take Acritel: Take the drug with water, can take Acritel with or without food with the following dose:
Adults and children (from 12 years of age and older) recommended dose of Acritel is 5mg x 1 time/day in the evening; Children from 6 to 11 years of age: Use Acritel 2.5mg x 1 time / day in the evening, should not exceed 2.5mg because the systemic exposure when using 5mg dose in children is more than twice as high with adults; Children under 6 years: The dosage form of Acritel is not suitable for the dose. Dosage of Acritel for patients with liver or kidney failure 12 years and older:
Mild renal impairment CLcr = 50 - 80ml/min: Levocetirizine dose 2.5mg x 1 time/day is recommended; Moderate renal impairment Clcr = 30 - 50ml/min: Levocetirizine 2.5mg every 2 days is recommended; Severe renal impairment Clcr = 10 - 30 ml/min: Levocetirizine dose 2.5 mg twice a week is recommended (levocetirizine once every 3-4 days); End stage renal failure Clcr < 10ml/min, patients on hemodialysis: Contraindicated to use levocetirizine. No dose adjustment of Acritel is required for patients with hepatic impairment only.
No dose adjustment of Acritel is necessary for elderly patients with normal renal function, however caution should be exercised when selecting Acritel dosage for the elderly, starting with the lower limit of the dose of levocetirizine as the elderly are often have impaired liver, kidney or heart function, have comorbidities or use with other drugs.
4. What to do in case of an overdose of Acritel 5mg
Symptoms of levocetirizine overdose mainly related to CNS effects or anticholinergic effects have been reported following doses of at least 5 times the recommended daily dose of Acritel: Confusion, diarrhea bleeding, dizziness, fatigue, headache, irritability, dilated pupils, itching, restlessness, sedation, drowsiness, stupor, tachycardia, tremor, urinary retention...
No specific antidote signal for an overdose of levocetirizine. When an overdose of Acritel occurs, the patient should be treated symptomatically and supportively, considering gastric lavage.
5. Side effects of the drug Acritel 5mg
When using Acritel 5mg, patients may experience unwanted effects (ADRs).
Common side effects of Acritel 5mg: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, sore throat, rhinitis in children, abdominal pain, dry mouth, nausea, fatigue. Uncommon side effects of Acritel 5mg: Agitation, paresthesia, diarrhea, itching, rash, weakness, irritability. Rare side effects of Acritel 5mg: Hypersensitivity, aggression, confusion, depression, hallucinations, insomnia, convulsions, dyskinesia, tachycardia, abnormal liver function, urticaria, edema, weight gain. Very rare side effects of Acritel 5mg: thrombocytopenia, anaphylaxis, schizophrenia, taste disturbance, syncope, tremor, dystonia,
6. Contraindications of Acritel 5mg
Acritel is contraindicated in the following cases:
Hypersensitivity to levocetirizine, cetirizine, hydroxyzine derivatives or piperazine or any component of Acritel; End stage renal failure.
7. Be careful when using Acritel
From clinical trials have warned effects of drowsiness, fatigue and weakness when using the active ingredient levocetirizine in Acritel. Patients taking Acritel should be cautious when participating in dangerous jobs that require close mental concentration and coordination, such as operating machinery or driving after taking Acritel. Concomitant use of levocetirizine with alcohol or other CNS depressants should be avoided because of the risk of impaired concentration and excessive CNS depression.
There have been reports of urinary retention with levocetirizine, caution when using Acritel in patients with risk factors for urinary retention (spinal cord injury, prostatic hyperplasia) and stop levocetirizine if patient urinary retention. The use of Acritel is not recommended in children under 6 years of age because the dosage form of the drug is not suitable for this population.
Caution is advised when administering Acritel in epileptic patients and in patients at risk of seizures.
Acritel contains lactose, patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take Acritel.
In the composition of the drug Acritel contains polysorbate 80 which can cause allergies and castor oil has the potential to cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea.
The safety of the levocetirizine in Acritel for pregnant women has not been established. There are limited clinical data on the use of Acritel in pregnant women, although animal studies have not shown an effect on pregnancy, embryo/foetal development, delivery, or postnatal development. .
Cetirizine has been reported to be excreted in human milk so levocetirizine is also expected to be excreted in human milk, therefore levocetirizine is not recommended for nursing women.
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