Biseptol 480mg is a synthetic antibiotic, consisting of 2 types of antibiotics combined in a certain ratio. This antibiotic inhibits the growth of bacteria, indicated when there is an infection, and is especially commonly used in gastrointestinal infections.
1. Which antibiotic group does Biseptol 480mg belong to?
Biseptol is an antibiotic consisting of 2 main ingredients, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim, with the ratio of sulfamethoxazole: trimethoprim being 5:1 and some other excipients. In which:
Sulfamethoxazole is an antibiotic in the sulfamide group, which inhibits the synthesis of folic acid in bacteria. PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid) is a necessary raw material for bacteria to synthesize folic acid for growth, but because sulfamides have a chemical structure similar to PABA, sulfamides compete with PABA, thereby preventing the synthesis of folic acid in bacteria.
Not only that, sulfamides also inhibit the enzyme dihydrofolate synthetase, an enzyme involved in the synthesis of folic acid. Therefore, the general effect of the sulfamide group is bacteriostatic. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, used in many cases, but currently, due to high drug resistance, it is rarely used alone but is often used in combination.
Trimethoprim is a pyrimidine derivative antibiotic that inhibits the bacterial enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis, and having a bacteriostatic effect. Often used in the treatment of gastrointestinal infections, urinary tract infections, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis... Trimethoprim can be used alone in the treatment of the disease or in combination with sulfamethoxazole.
When combining trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, the result will be stronger antibacterial ability. Moreover, the combination of these two drugs also prevents the development of bacteria that cause drug resistance and is effective even when bacteria are resistant to each ingredient in the drug.
2. What is the effect of biseptol 480mg?
Biseptol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat infections caused by gram (-), and gram (+) bacteria, but mainly intestinal bacteria.
Indications for treatment of biseptol:
- Infections caused by bacteria are sensitive to sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim antibiotics.
- Treatment of urinary tract infections.
- Digestive tract infections caused by e.coli, and bacillary dysentery.
- Patients with pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii and prevention of Pneumocystis carinii infection in people with congenital or acquired immune system impairment.
- Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and maxillary sinusitis in adults.
- Upper respiratory tract infections such as rhinopharyngitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, and otitis media.
- Biseptol is also used to treat osteomyelitis when there is pus in the bone.
Contraindications:
- The body has excessive allergic reactions to any ingredient of the drug.
- People with severe liver or kidney failure.
- Pregnant or lactating women can lead to folic acid deficiency, folic acid is necessary for the normal development of the fetus or newborn.
- Serious diseases of the hematopoietic system, megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency.
- Patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.
3. Undesirable effects
When using the pistol, some undesirable effects may occur such as:
- Common: About 1% of patients have a fever, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, itching, and rash on the skin.
- Uncommon: From 0.1% to 1%: Decreased white blood cell count, neutropenia, purpura, urticaria.
- Rare: Less than 0.1%: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell syndrome (toxic epidermal necrolysis), neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, aseptic meningitis, jaundice, liver failure, anaphylactic shock, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, hallucinations, renal failure, interstitial nephritis, kidney stones, tinnitus...
Treatment of some cases of digestive disorders caused by the use of biseptol. The cause usually is folic acid deficiency, treated by supplementing folic acid from 5-10mg/day.
4. Notes when using the antibiotic biseptol
- Biseptol should not be used with other drugs that can cause drug interactions such as Rifampicin antibiotics, Cyclosporine, and warfarin, do not use Biseptol with thiazide diuretics because it will increase the risk of hypokalemia and bleeding, digoxin, tricyclic antidepressants.
- Be careful when using Biseptol for patients with allergic diseases.
- Biseptol should not be used while drinking alcohol, because it increases the risk of toxic hepatitis.
- During using drug, it is necessary to limit strenuous exercise such as weightlifting, and racing...
- Overdose can cause acute poisoning with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, and mental disorders. You should stop taking the drug immediately and see a specialist for treatment.
- Do not use biseptol on your own, only use this drug for treatment when prescribed by a doctor.
Biseptol is a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics, widely prescribed for the treatment of infectious diseases. However, when using it, pay attention to the side effects of the drug for timely treatment.
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Reference source: healthvietnam.vn