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The drug Zadirex is effective in the treatment of high blood pressure. However, besides the effects that the drug brings, Zadirex also causes many unwanted side effects that affect the patient's health.1. The effect of the drug Zadirex
Zadirex belongs to the group of cardiovascular drugs, with the main ingredients being Losartan potassium 50mg and Hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg. The drug is used in the treatment of diseases such as:
Treatment of high blood pressure in patients after using losartan or hydrochlorothiazide alone but has no effect. Treatment of hypertension associated with symptoms of left ventricular hypertrophy and reduced risk of cardiovascular events. Losartan also has a protective effect on the kidneys in patients with type 2 diabetes with proteinuria.
2. Mechanism of action
Ingredients Losartan: Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, which has a strong vasoconstrictor effect and is effective against hypertension. Ingredient Hydrochlorothiazide: Belongs to a group of diuretics that are effective in lowering blood pressure thanks to their ability to reduce plasma volume and extracellular fluid related to sodium diuresis.
3. Dosage and usage
How to use: The drug is prepared in the form of film-coated tablets and used orally. Because the level of drug absorption into the body is not affected by the amount of food in the body, so patients can take Zadirex on an empty stomach or when full.
Dosage:
For adults, the first time you can use the dose is 1 tablet / time / day. However, if blood pressure does not decrease, after 3 weeks, the maximum dose can be increased to 2 tablets / day / time. For patients with liver failure: It is necessary to consult a doctor about the dosage of the drug. Absolutely do not use Zadirex with patients with severe liver failure. For patients with renal failure: Patients with moderate renal impairment with creatinine clearance of 30 - 50 ml/min can use the same dosage as normal people at the beginning of treatment. Doctors recommend not using the drug for patients with renal failure undergoing hemodialysis and patients with severe renal impairment with creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min. Note: The above Zadirex dosage is for reference only. The dose of the drug used will depend on the condition of the disease and the response of the body. Before using the drug, you need to consult a doctor specifically.
Contraindicated to use Zadirex in case:
The patient is allergic to Losartan or Hydrochlorothiazide or any of its ingredients. Patients with symptoms of hyperuricemia, gout, Addison's disease, biliary obstruction, anuria and persistent hypokalemia.
4. Overdose and treatment
With the ingredient Losartan: When used in excess, you will experience problems such as lowering blood pressure, arrhythmia. In this case, you should stop treatment with the drug and need to closely monitor your health. Usually doctors will prescribe treatment according to the symptoms that the patient is experiencing.With the ingredient Hydrochlorothiazide: The most common signs are hypochloremia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia and dehydration. If you experience these symptoms, you should go to the nearest medical center for advice with appropriate treatment methods.
5. Side effects
With Losartan ingredients: Some common side effects such as:
Affects the nervous system with symptoms of insomnia. Effects on the nervous system with manifestations of dizziness, headache, headache Respiratory system: Lower respiratory tract infection, sinusitis, cough, nasal congestion. Effects on the digestive system: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and indigestion. Affects bones and joints such as back pain, muscle pain and leg pain. Systemic effects with asthenia, chest pain, hyperkalemia, fatigue. Uncommon side effects:
Effects on hematology such as bruising, anemia and hematuria. Metabolism: Poor appetite, increased risk of gout. Psychiatric system: Patients easily fall into a state of anxiety, panic, more serious depression and poor sleep, memory loss. Nervous system: Peripheral nervous system and migraine syndrome. Visual effects include blurred vision and conjunctivitis. Cardiovascular: Orthostatic hypotension, angina pectoris, cerebrovascular accident, palpitations, myocardial infarction and arrhythmia may occur. Respiratory: Shortness of breath due to bronchitis, respiratory congestion, pharyngitis, epistaxis, rhinitis and pharyngitis. To the digestive system: Flatulence, vomiting, constipation and gastritis. Skin Effects: Dry skin, pruritus, urticaria, erythema, rash, sweating, dermatitis Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis, stiffness, arthritis, muscle weakness, arm pain, knee pain . Urinary system: Nocturia and urinary tract infections. Reproductive system: Drugs that reduce libido and impotence. With the ingredient Hydrochlorothiazide: A common side effect is headache.
Other less common side effects such as:
Hematologic related reactions: Hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and purpura. Effects on metabolism: Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hyponatremia and hyperuricemia. Effects on vision: Blurred vision and reduced visual acuity. Gastrointestinal: Spasms, stomach irritation, nausea, diarrhea, constipation and inflammation of the salivary glands. Affects the urinary system with symptoms such as interstitial nephritis and renal failure. Respiratory: Causes pneumonia, pulmonary edema and respiratory failure. If you experience these symptoms, the patient should stop using Zadirex and notify the doctor for appropriate treatment.
6. Caution
Caution should be exercised when Zadirex is used in patients with renal artery stenosis. The drug should be used with caution in patients with intravascular volume depletion because it may cause a side effect of hypotension. If necessary, the drug should be used at the lowest dose during the initial period of treatment. During treatment with Zadirex, you should monitor for problems such as electrolyte imbalance, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypokalemia and hyponatremia. Dosage adjustment of antidiabetic drugs, including insulin, is required when co-administered with Zadirex. Thiazides may decrease urinary calcium excretion and may cause mild serum calcium elevation. Using drugs for children: Without a doctor's prescription, parents should not use drugs for children because clinical studies have not proven that Zadirex is safe and effective for this subject. Pregnant women: Absolutely do not use the drug during pregnancy because animal studies show that Zadirex can affect the development of the embryo and fetus, potentially causing teratogenicity or fetal death. Lactation: It is not known whether Zadirex can be excreted in breast milk and to avoid adverse effects affecting the development of the child. If it is necessary to take Zadirex, the mother should stop breastfeeding.
7. Drug interactions
Losartan ingredients:
Using Zadirex at the same time with drugs that increase blood potassium such as: diuretics, potassium supplements or potassium salts may cause a side effect of hyperkalemia. The combination of Cimetidine and Losartan increased the AUC for Losartan. Phenobarbital: Decreases concentrations of losartan and its active metabolite. Ketoconazole : Affects the conversion of losartan to its active metabolites. Aliskiren: Increased risk of renal dysfunction, hypotension and hyperkalemia. Ingredients Hydrochlorothiazide:
Concomitant use with alcohol and Barbiturates: Causes orthostatic hypotension. Concomitant use of Zadirex with corticosteroids, ACTH: Increases the risk of electrolyte loss, especially hypokalemia. Muscle relaxants such as Tubocurarine: May increase drug levels in the body. Concomitant use with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including COX-2 inhibitors: Causes undesirable side effects such as decreased diuretic effect, urinary sodium and hypotensive effect. To avoid interactions, before being prescribed Zadirex, the patient should inform the doctor about the drugs they are using, including functional foods. The doctor will base on that to prescribe the appropriate Zadirex.
Above is all information about the drug Zadirex, patients need to carefully read the instructions for use, consult a doctor / pharmacist before using. Note, Zadirex is a prescription drug, you absolutely must not buy and treat it at home because you may encounter unwanted side effects.
