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Unasyn tab drug contains the active ingredient ampicillin combined with sulbactam, the drug is commonly used in cases of bacterial infections such as otitis media, sinusitis, epiglottitis, lower respiratory tract infections such as bacterial pneumonia. , urinary tract infections... Let's learn about the uses and notes when using Unasyn through the article below.
1. Uses of Unasyn tab
Unasyn tab is a film-coated tablet containing 375mg of sultamicillin - the common prodrug of ampicillin and sulbactam (equivalent to 220mg ampicillin and 147mg sulbactam). The drug is indicated in many bacterial infections as follows:Upper respiratory tract infections including otitis media, sinusitis, epiglottitis; Lower respiratory tract infections including bacterial pneumonia..; Pyelonephritis and urinary tract infections, gonococcal infections; Skin and soft tissue infections; Unasyn injection can be used before and after surgery in patients with abdominal surgery, pelvic surgery at risk of peritoneal infection in order to reduce the rate of postoperative wound infection; Prophylaxis of postpartum infections in patients with termination of pregnancy or cesarean section.
2. Dosage of Unasyn tab
Oral antibiotic Unasyn is used as prescribed by the treating doctor. Dosage depends on the age and medical condition of the patient. The recommended dose is as follows:
Adults:
The recommended dose in adults (including elderly patients) is 375 - 750mg, divided into 2 doses a day. The dose should be continued for up to 48 hours after other unusual symptoms have ceased. Usually, the recommended duration of drug treatment is from 5 to 14 days, but it can be longer depending on the clinical condition of the patient; Unasyn drug in the treatment of complicated gonorrhea can be up to a dose of 2.25g/day (6 tablets of Unasyn 375mg), concurrently with probenecid 1g to help maintain serum concentrations of ampicillin and sulbactam; Patients with gonorrhea with suspected syphilis should be examined with a black background microscope prior to treatment with sultamicin, and monthly serological tests should be performed for at least 4 months. ; The duration of drug therapy should be extended to at least 10 days for infections caused by hemolytic streptococci (prevention of rheumatic fever or post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis). Children and young children:
Oral dose of Unasyn for most infections in children weighing less than 30kg is 25-50mg/kg/day, divided into 2 doses depending on the infection status; For children weighing 30kg or more, the same dose as adults can be used. Patients with renal impairment: For patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance ≤ 30ml/min) should be reduced the number of doses of Unasyn.
3. Unasyn tab drug side effects
The antibiotic Unasyn is well tolerated. Most of the side effects of the drug are usually mild, specifically as follows:
Systemic: Anaphylaxis, allergic reactions, anaphylactoid reactions; Nervous: Dizziness; Gastrointestinal: The most common undesirable effect is diarrhea with loose stools; nausea, vomiting and epigastric discomfort, abdominal pain/spasm. Similar to the penicillin group of antibiotics, side effects are pyelonephritis, pseudomembranous colitis can occur but rarely; Respiratory system: Shortness of breath; Skin: Pruritus, rarely rash, dermatitis, angioedema, urticaria; Other side effects: Drowsiness, somnolence, fatigue, irritability and rare headache.
4. Note when using Unasyn tab
4.1. Contraindications The use of Unasyn tab is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to any antibiotic of the penicillin group, and who are hypersensitive to any component of Unasyn.
4.2. Special Precautions: Anaphylactoid reactions, serious hypersensitivity (possibly fatal) have been reported in patients treated with penicillins (including sultamicillin). Reactions often occur in patients with a history of allergy to penicillin, hypersensitivity to many allergens. Therefore, before being treated with Unasyn, the patient should be carefully asked about the history of drug allergy (especially allergy to penicillin, cephalosporin antibiotics), history of allergy to other allergens. During drug treatment, if an allergic reaction occurs, the drug should be stopped immediately, and the treating doctor should be informed to take appropriate measures.
Similar to other antibiotic groups, during treatment with unasyn tab, patients should be monitored for signs of drug-resistant bacterial proliferation (including fungi). In case of signs of superinfection, the drug should be discontinued immediately and appropriate measures taken.
Diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile has been reported with the use of antibacterial agents (including sultamicillin), ranging in severity from mild diarrhea to colitis and death. This is because antibiotic treatment alters the natural microbial population of the gut, leading to an overgrowth of Clostridium difficile.
Patients should be periodically checked for organ system functions during long-term drug therapy (including liver, kidney and hematopoietic system functions).
Ampicillin and sulbactam are eliminated mainly in the urine. In neonates, renal function is not fully developed, so this factor should be considered when using sultamicillin.
Pregnant women: Animal studies have shown that the antibiotic Unasyn does not affect fetal development. However, Sulbactam crosses the placental barrier and the safety of the drug has not been specifically established in pregnant women, so Unasyn should only be used in these subjects when absolutely necessary.
Lactating women: The safety of the drug in lactating women has not been established, so caution should be exercised when treating these subjects with Unasyn.
5. Unasyn tab drug interactions
Unasyn tab drug can interact with some of the following drugs:
Allopurinol: Increase the rate of rash in patients; Aminoglycosides: Concomitant use of aminoglycoside antibiotics with ampicillin can make both drugs ineffective; Anticoagulants: The parenteral penicillin group of antibiotics causes changes in platelet adhesion, changes in coagulation tests. These effects increase the coagulation effect of anticoagulants; Bacteriostatic antibiotics: Erythromycin, Chloramphenicol, sulfonamides and tetracyclines... can affect the bactericidal level of penicillin, so the general use of these drugs should be limited; Contraceptives containing estrogen: There have been reports of reduced effectiveness in women treated with estrogen leading to a breakdown of the contraceptive plan. Therefore, it is recommended to limit the use of Unasyn with oral contraceptives; Methotrexate: Concomitant use of methotrexate with ampicillin reduces the clearance, increases the toxicity of methotrexate; Leucovorin: The dose of leucovorin may need to be increased and its duration of action prolonged when treated with Unasyn tab; Probenecid: The drug reduces the renal tubular clearance of sulbactam and ampicillin when co-administered, resulting in increased serum concentrations of the antibiotic, prolonged duration of action and increased risk of toxicity. Knowing the information about the drug Unasyn tab will help the process of use more effectively, so patients should consult a pharmacist or doctor before taking the drug in treatment.
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