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Olanxol 10mg is used to treat mania, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. In the process of using the drug, the patient should strictly follow the instructions of the doctor and store the medicine properly to achieve the highest effectiveness.1. What is Olanxol?
Olanxol 10mg is used for the treatment of conditions such as mania and schizophrenia. In addition, the drug is also used to treat and prevent relapses of bipolar disorder.
Olanxol is prepared in the form of light yellow film-coated tablets, round cylinders, one side with horizontal lines and the other smooth. The drug is manufactured by Danapha Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Company, with packaging: Box of 10 blisters x 10 tablets (Alu - Alu blister), accompanied by a sheet of instructions for use. The main ingredient in Olanxol is olanzapine (10mg content), with excipients just enough for one tablet.
2. Indications and uses of Olanxol 10mg
2.1 Indications for use of Olanxol 10mg drug Olanxol 10mg drug is usually indicated for use in the following cases:
Treatment of patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: Acute agitation due to bipolar disorder bipolar or schizophrenic, bipolar rapidly, manic or mixed exacerbations. Prevention of relapse risk in bipolar disorder patients with a history of response to olanzapine during manic episode treatment. Monotherapy for manic psychosis in children 12-18 years of age and adults. However, treatment with Olanxol for children needs to be strictly controlled by a specialist. 2.2 Uses of the drug Olanxol 10mg Pharmacodynamics
The olanzapine component in Olanxol belongs to a dibenzodiazepine derivative and is a 2nd generation atypical antipsychotic. Compared with typical antipsychotic drugs, olanzapine has many pharmacological properties. Other reasons such as less prolactin secretion, limited extrapyramidal syndrome, less tardive dyskinesia, and effective on negative, positive and inhibitory manifestations of schizophrenia.
According to research, the antipsychotic mechanism of olanzapine is relatively complex, closely related to the antagonism of the drug on some serotonin type 2, 3, 6 and dopamine receptors in the central nervous system. The action of olanzapine is to inhibit and reduce the response for the 5-HT2A receptor, which is involved in the drug's anti-manic effects. In addition, olanzapine also contributes to mood stabilization due to its ability to block dopamine D2 receptors.
Not only that, olanzapine also has a certain role in antagonizing muscarinic receptors. With regard to anticholinergic effects, olazapine may reduce the risk of extrapyramidal syndrome, but may lead to some undesirable effects. Besides, olazapine also has significant effects on H1 (histamine) and alpha-1 andrenergic receptors. This effect often leads to some symptoms such as orthostatic hypotension or somnolence when using the drug. Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: The olanzapine component of Olanxol 10mg is well absorbed orally, with peak plasma concentrations ranging from 5 to 8 hours after oral administration. In general, food has no effect on drug absorption. The oral bioavailability of olanzapine is 60% due to first-pass metabolism in the liver. Plasma concentrations of olanzipin will reach steady state after 7-10 days of repeated dosing. According to the study, plasma concentrations of the drug tend to vary between patients, depending on gender, age and smoking habits. Distribution: Olanzapine is rapidly distributed, mainly into body tissues, including the central nervous system. Most of olazapine is bound to plasma proteins (93%), mainly to acid α1 - glycoprotein and albumin. Conjugated metabolites glucuronic and olanzapine may cross the placenta and be excreted in human milk. According to the study, the volume of distribution of olanzapine is approximately 1000 liters. Metabolism: Olanzapine is extensively metabolised in the liver via direct glucuronization and indirect oxidation via cytochrome P450 - CYP1A2 (to a small extent via cytochrome P450 - CYP2D6). In which, 2 main metabolites are 4' - N - demethyl olanzapine and 10 - N - glucuronide which have no activity of olanzapine. Elimination: The plasma half-life of olanzapine ranges from 21 to 54 hours, potentially increasing by about 1.5-fold in the elderly. In smokers, olanzapine clearance is increased by about 40% and decreased by about 30% in women compared with men. Approximately 30% and 57% of the drug is excreted in the feces and urine, respectively, mostly as metabolites (only about 7% as intact). In patients with renal impairment, the pharmacokinetics of the drug is not significantly altered.
3. Dosage and how to use Olanxol 10mg
3.1 Dosage of Olanxol 10mg The dose of Olanxol 10mg will be determined depending on certain patients, specifically:
People with schizophrenia
Starting dose from 5 to 10mg (using 1 dose) times within 24 hours without having to pay attention to meals), the target dose is 10mg/day. Dosage adjustments to 10 mg/day may be made in increments of more than one week based on clinical judgment. Do not use olanzapine more than 20mg/day.
People with manic disease
Monotherapy: Take a dose of 10-15mg / day. The time to make the 5mg dose adjustments should be more than 24 hours apart, so that the drug dose is within the recommended range of 5 – 10mg/day. If a response is found, the patient can continue to receive the same dose to prevent recurrence. Multitherapy: Oral dose of olanzapine 10mg/day. Dose to prevent relapse in patients with pre-existing mania responding to olanzapine: Initial oral dose of 10 mg/day. Pediatric Dose
The effectiveness and safety of Olanxol 10mg for children under 18 years of age has not been established. However, research shows that medication can be effective in controlling schizophrenia in children this age.
Dose for the elderly
Elderly people should not use Olanxol 10mg, especially for people over 65 years old with unfavorable clinical factors. In case of necessity, the elderly can take a starting dose of olanzapine of 5 mg.
Dosage for patients with hepatic or renal impairment
A low starting dose of Olanxol of 5 mg may be considered. For people with cirrhosis of the liver type A or type B Child-Pugh (moderate liver failure) can start with a dose of 5mg, but caution should be taken when increasing the dose.
3.2 How to use Olanxol 10mg Olanxol 10mg is usually taken orally. Patients can use the drug at any time of the day because the drug is not affected by food. In addition, patients can use the drug in other dosage forms to suit each indication.
4. What to do when taking an overdose or forgetting a dose of Olanxol 10mg?
4.1 What to do when you miss a dose of Olanxol 10mg In case you miss a dose of Olanxol 10mg, you need to take that dose as soon as you remember. However, you need to skip the missed dose if it is too close to the next dose. At that time, you should avoid taking a supplement or double dose, but only take the next dose on the schedule prescribed by the doctor.
4.2 How to handle an overdose of Olanxol 10mg. Patients who take more than 200mg of olanzapine can lead to death. Olanxol overdose symptoms usually appear in 1-2 hours after taking, the strongest is 4-6 hours with manifestations such as: anticholinergic, agitation, pupil dilation, tachycardia, muscle spasticity, increased salivation, extrapyramidal symptoms. Occasionally, patients with drug overdose may also experience respiratory depression, cardiac arrest, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, hypertension/hypotension, or seizures.
In case of drug overdose and serious symptoms, the patient should immediately go to a medical center for active treatment by a doctor. The main focus of treatment is the resolution of symptoms of overdose, supportive care, maintenance of the intravenous line, and monitoring of vital signs and cardiovascular function.
Patients taking Olanxol overdose can be treated with gastric lavage method combined with oral activated charcoal and sorbitol to help eliminate and prevent the absorption of the remaining drug in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, oxygen therapy and maintenance ventilatory support are also used. Doctors can treat circulatory failure and hypotension with vasopressors (phenylephrine, noradrenalin) or intravenous fluids, but the use of adrenaline and dopamine should be avoided.
5. Some things to note when using Olanxol 10mg
5.1 Cases of contraindications to the use of Olanxol 10mg The following are some subjects who should not use Olanxol 10mg as recommended by experts, including:
People with a history of allergy or hypersensitivity to any ingredients or excipients in the drug. Some symptoms of drug allergy, including rash, red rash, swelling of lips/face, difficulty breathing. Breastfeeding women. People at high risk for angle-closure glaucoma. 5.2 Olanxol 10mg side effects In certain cases, the use of Olanxol 10mg medicine may experience the following side effects:
Weight gain, drowsiness, increased blood prolactin. Dizziness, drowsiness, especially when the patient is lying down / sitting, but this symptom will gradually disappear during the course of taking the drug. Hyperglycemia, fatigue, fast hunger, elevated liver enzymes, increased uric acid, convulsions, fever, profuse sweating, nosebleeds, memory loss, photosensitivity, hair loss, muscle spasticity, or forgetfulness, exacerbation of diabetes. Immune system disorders, blood and lymph node disorders. Cardiovascular disorders (orthostatic hypotension). Abnormal movements of the tongue/face. Venous thrombosis with symptoms of red, swollen, painful legs. When experiencing any of the above side effects, the patient should immediately notify a specialist to take appropriate remedial measures and prevent other dangerous complications to health.
5.3 Should pregnant and lactating women take Olanxol 10mg? Currently, there are no controlled studies on the use of Olanxol 10mg in women during pregnancy. According to specialists, people who are pregnant or planning to have a baby should only use the drug when the benefits outweigh the risks to the fetus.
For lactating women, Olanxol can be excreted in breast milk and cause central nervous system depression for the baby. Therefore, the mother should avoid using this drug while breastfeeding, or not breast-feeding in case the mother must use the drug.
5.4 What drugs does Olanxol 10mg interact with? Olanxol 10mg drug may interact when used in combination with some of the following drugs:
Parkinson's disease drugs. Antihypertensive drugs, dopamine, carbamazepine, activated charcoal, fluvoxamine. Alcohol in combination with Olanxol can cause orthostatic hypotension and worsen drowsiness. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of Olanxol 10mg, patients should tell their doctor about all medications they are taking, including prescription/nonprescription drugs, herbal or dietary supplements. power.
5.5 Some other recommendations when taking Olanxol 10mg In addition to the above notes, when using Olanxol 10mg, patients need to comply with how to store as well as dosage, specifically: In a dry place with suitable ventilation, avoid high humidity or high temperature. Store medicine out of reach of children or in a dry place, avoid contact with pets. Always read the instructions carefully about the time to take, the recommended dose, and the expiry date of the medicine before taking it. Talk to your doctor if you have any concerns about Olanxol 10mg. Tell your doctor right away if unwanted side effects occur. Dispose of expired or damaged medicine according to the instructions of the doctor, avoid arbitrarily flushing the medicine down the drain or toilet, which can easily pollute the environment. Olanxol 10mg is used to treat mania, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. In the process of using the drug, the patient should strictly follow the instructions of the doctor and store the medicine properly to achieve the highest effectiveness.
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