This is an automatically translated article.
Isoniazid 50mg is indicated for the treatment of tuberculosis. The drug is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Dosage, how to use Isoniazid 50mg drug will be in the article below.
1. What is Isoniazid 50mg?
Isoniazid 50mg is a drug to treat pulmonary tuberculosis and patients with Mycobacterium infections most commonly today.
So far, the mechanism of action of Isoniazid 50mg on TB bacteria has not been specifically published. But it can be temporarily concluded, Isoniazid can inhibit the synthesis of mycolic acid, an important component of the cell wall of TB bacteria, causing this bacterium to be destroyed.
In addition to its main effect in the treatment of tuberculosis, Isoniazid 50mg also has antibacterial spectrum against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other atypical Mycobacterium such as M. bovis, M. kansasii.
The limitation of Isonazid is that it only inhibits the synthesis of bacteria that are in the undivided state. Therefore, there is still a number of TB bacteria in the patient's body and treatment with Isoniazid 50mg must be prolonged.
2. Indications for taking Isoniazid 50mg
Indications for use of Isoniazid for TB prevention
People living in a family with a member of the family with TB and frequent contact with that person, or a person with new TB disease who has a positive Mantoux test and has not been vaccinated with BCG before . People with a positive Mantoux test result who are being treated with long-term corticosteroids, immunosuppressants or cytotoxic drugs, or radiation therapy HIV-infected people with a positive Mantoux test result. HIV-infected people with negative Mantoux test results but have been in contact with someone with TB. Indications for use of Isoniazid to treat tuberculosis
In combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs such as rifampicin, pyrazinamide, streptomycin or ethmbutol, depending on the standard treatment regimens prescribed by the MOH. Infection with susceptible atypical strains of Mycobacteria. However, it is necessary to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration in vitro
3. Contraindications to taking Isoniazid 50mg
Isoniazid-resistant bacteria People who are sensitive to Isoniazid Patients with liver failure, hepatitis Contraindicated for patients with polyneuritis, epilepsy patients
4. Dosage & how to use Isoniazid 50mg
4.1 Prophylaxis against tuberculosis Children: Take the drug at a dose of 5mg/kg/time/24h, up to 300mg/24h. Use once a day, maintain for 6-12 months. Adults: 5mg/24h, 300mg/24h daily, used once a day, maintained for 6-12 months. 4.2 Dosage in the treatment of tuberculosis In adults
Combination of Isoniazid with other anti-tuberculosis drugs (according to the MOH regimen). The dose is 300 mg isoniazid once a day for the entire duration of TB treatment, or 10 mg/kg body weight. This dosage is recommended to be taken daily or 2-3 times per week.
4.3 Isoniazid dosage in children: In combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs (according to the MOH regimen). Dosage 10 mg/kg, 3 times/week or 15 mg/kg twice/week.
5. Isoniazid 50mg . side effects
According to clinical studies on the side effects of Isoniazid 50mg on patients, only 5% of the total users encountered the drug. Usually liver dysfunction is seen in elderly patients. In addition, in other organs of the body, other side effects were also recorded as
Whole body: Lethargy, fatigue, fever, joint pain Digestive: Anorexia, nausea, loose stools, upper pain. taste, dry mouth Liver: Jaundice, yellow eyes, increased transaminases Nervous: Peripheral neuritis, numbness of hands or feet, convulsions, emotional and mood changes Circulation: Thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis eosinophils, anemia, blood clotting disorders Skin: Hypersensitivity, pruritus, rash Precautions for use
In the group of patients with impaired renal function, the elimination time of isoniazid will be prolonged, but this affects more to the group of slow-metabolizing patients. Therefore, in the case of using Isoniazid 50mg for patients with severe renal impairment, especially with creatinine clearance less than 25 ml/min and patients with slow metabolism, it is necessary to reduce the dose.
People who are malnourished, people prone to nervous system diseases (eg diabetes, alcoholism). Additional pyridoxine combination should be used in these individuals.
Use caution when using Isoniazid in people with porphyrinuria.
During isoniazid treatment, if patients use alcohol or use in combination with rifampicin, there is an increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
Pregnancy
Isoniazid 50mg is transplacental. But there is no evidence of any risk to the mother or fetus when Isoniazid 50mg is administered to pregnant women. Vitamin B6 (25mg/day) should be supplemented when pregnant women are taking isoniazid. It is necessary to monitor newborns whose mothers are taking isoniazid 50mg to detect side effects in time.
Lactation
Isoniazid may also be excreted in breast milk. But up to now, there are no documents as well as research results on the undesirable effects that occur in nursing infants who are taking Isonazid for treatment. But it is also necessary to monitor infants whose mothers are taking isoniazid 50mg to manage side effects in time.
Isoniazid 50mg is an antibiotic that is effective in the treatment of tuberculosis most commonly today. To use the drug effectively, the patient should take it as prescribed by the doctor and monitor the reactions after taking the drug.
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