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Irbetan is a drug whose main active ingredient is Irbesartan. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with primary hypertension and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension and renal disease.
1. What is Irbetan?
Irbetan is a film-coated tablet with the active ingredient Irbesartan. Irbetan is indicated for use in the following cases:
Use of Irbetan to treat primary hypertension. Drug treatment of kidney disease in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients. Drugs that block the AT1 receptor of angiotensin II block all the effects of angiotensin II mediated by the AT1 receptor. Selective angiotensin II receptor antagonism increases plasma renin and angiotensin II concentrations, thereby reducing plasma aldosterone concentrations.
However, in the following cases, Irbetan should not be used:
Patients who are allergic to Irbesartan or are sensitive to any of the ingredients contained in Irbetan. Subjects are pregnant women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Women who are breastfeeding should not use Irbetan.
2. Dosage and how to use Irbetan
2.1. How to use Irbetan is used orally, patients should take the drug in the early morning and drink it with filtered water, should not use the drug with drinks containing stimulants.
2.2. Dosage of Irbetan The usual starting and maintenance dose is 150mg/time/day. Irbetan can be taken even on an empty stomach or when full, without being affected by food.
For patients whose blood pressure is not controlled at 150 mg once daily, the dose of Irbetan can be increased to 300 mg or used in combination with other antihypertensive agents. In particular, when combining Irbetan with diuretics can increase the effect of the drug. For hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients, the initial dose is 150 mg once daily and may be titrated up to 300 mg once daily, used as maintenance dose in the treatment of renal disease. . For patients with renal impairment, no dose adjustment of Irbetan is required. In the case of patients on hemodialysis, the lowest starting dose of 75 mg should be used. In patients with mild and moderate hepatic impairment, no dose adjustment of Irbetan is required. For patients with severe hepatic impairment, there is no clinical evidence with Irbetan. In the elderly over 75 years of age, treatment with an initial dose of 75 mg is recommended and no dose adjustment is required for the elderly. The effectiveness and safety of Irbetan in children have not been established. Therefore, Irbetan should not be used in this subject. In case the patient forgets a dose, it should be taken as soon as he remembers. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next scheduled dose. Never use a double dose of Irbetan prescribed.
In a few cases of patients using Irbetan overdose, the patient may experience hypotension and tachycardia, sometimes with bradycardia. Management requires symptomatic and supportive treatment by induction of vomiting and/or gastric lavage. Activated charcoal can be used to treat Irbetan overdose.
3. Irbetan side effects
Side effects that occur in patients using Irbetan are usually mild and transient, rarely serious side effects.
Common side effects: Patients using Irbetan may experience hyperkalemia, increased plasma creatinine levels, nausea and vomiting, neuromuscular pain, orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, fatigue, ...
Uncommon side effects:
Patients may have tachycardia, flushing, dyspepsia, chest pain, headache, diarrhea, etc. Some patients have hypersensitivity reactions to the drug. Irbetan, however, nonspecific allergic reactions and anaphylaxis, pruritus, urticaria, erythema multiforme. Patients during treatment with Irbetan should pay attention, when any of the above symptoms or other abnormal signs appear, they should stop using the drug and immediately go to a medical facility for examination and treatment. precise handling.
4. Cases that need to be cautious when using Irbetan
Using Irbetan for patients with kidney failure and kidney transplant: Need to check potassium and creatinine levels periodically for patients. Patients with renal artery hypertension: There is an increased risk of severe hypotension and renal failure when patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis or renal artery stenosis of a single functional kidney are treated with drugs that have act on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Intravascular volume depletion: Symptomatic hypotension may occur, especially after the first dose of Irbetan. This symptom may occur in patients who are volume- or sodium-depleted due to strong diuretics, salt-restricted diets, diarrhea, or vomiting. Irbetan should be used with caution in the treatment of hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes and renal disease. Patients with hyperkalemia: Blood potassium levels should be monitored and checked in at-risk patients, especially those with renal failure, proteinuria due to kidney disease, diabetes or heart failure. Irbetan may cause dizziness or weakness, so caution should be exercised when using it in patients who drive or work with machinery. During the first 3 months of pregnancy, it is best not to use Irbetan. During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the drug can be the cause of renal failure in the fetus or neonate, craniocervical hypoplasia or fetal death due to substances directly acting on the renin system - angiotensin. Currently, there is no evidence that Irbetan is excreted in human milk. Therefore, the use of Irbetan is contraindicated while breastfeeding.
5. Interaction of Irbetan with other drugs
For diuretics and other antihypertensive agents: the combined use of Irbetan with other antihypertensive agents may increase the antihypertensive effect of Irbetan. However, Irbetan can be safely combined with other antihypertensive agents such as beta-blockers, long-term calcium channel blockers, and thiazide diuretics. For potassium supplements and potassium-sparing diuretics: Co-administration of Irbetan with these agents may increase serum potassium concentrations. Therefore, these drugs should not be used together with Irbetan. For Lithium: Irbetan should not be combined with Lithium and careful monitoring of serum lithium levels is recommended if the combination is necessary. For non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Drugs of this class may reduce the antihypertensive effect of Irbetan. In summary, thanks to the mechanism of action on the renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system, Irbetan is effective in the treatment of primary hypertension. In addition, Irbetan is also effective in the treatment of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypertension. In order to use the drug safely and effectively, the patient should carefully read the instructions for use and take the medicine exactly as prescribed by the doctor. At the same time, monitor for unusual signs and symptoms, and notify your doctor when necessary to ensure safety in treatment.
