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Gardenal medicine 10mg contains the active ingredient Phenobarbital which is well known for its effects on epilepsy, convulsions, congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. So what should patients who use Gardenal 10mg drug note?
1. What is Gardenal 10mg?
Gardenal 10mg is a medicine made in the form of tablets with the main active ingredient is Phenobarbital 10mg in addition to some excipients and other auxiliary materials, just enough for 1 tablet.
Pharmacokinetics of Gardenal 10mg
Absorption: Phenobarbital is slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. With intravenous administration, the effects of Phenobarbital appear within 5 minutes and peak within 30 minutes. With intramuscular use, the effects of Phenobarbital appear more slowly; Distribution: Gardenal 10mg is about 60% bound to plasma proteins in children, about 50% in adults. It is then distributed throughout tissues, especially brain tissue due to its high solubility in lipids; Metabolism: Phenobarbital is hydroxylated and conjugated in the liver. At the same time, this active substance is a strong inducer of cytochrome P450, so it has a great influence on the metabolism of drugs that are metabolised in the liver via cytochrome P450; Elimination: Gardenal 10mg is eliminated mainly in the urine as inactive metabolites (70%) and as unchanged drug (30%), only a small part of the drug enters the bile and is excreted in the feces.
2. Effects and indications of Gardenal 10mg
Phenobarbital is an active ingredient in the barbiturate class of anticonvulsants. This active ingredient potentiates or mimics the synaptic inhibitory effects of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. Therefore, the active ingredient Phenobarbital in Gardenal 10mg has the following therapeutic effects:Anticonvulsant, increased seizure threshold; Reversible inhibition of tissue activities; Support treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome; Decreased blood bilirubin levels in neonates or in patients with cholestasis due to various causes. This effect may be due to the induction of Glucuronyl transferase by Phenobarbital, an enzyme that conjugates bilirubin. With the above effects, the medicine Gardenal 10mg is indicated by the doctor in the following cases:
Convulsions due to tetanus; Strychnin poisoning; Sleep disorders, insomnia...; Seizures (except minor seizures) such as major seizures, myoclonic seizures, partial seizures; Prophylaxis of recurrent febrile seizures in young children; Neonatal jaundice, congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, without congenital hemolysis, and chronic intrahepatic cholestasis.
3. Instructions for using Gardenal 10mg
The recommended dosage of Gardenal 10mg tablets is as follows:
Anticonvulsants: Adults: 2 - 3 mg/kg/day; Children: 3-4 mg/kg/day; Dose to calm nerves: 5-120mg/day; Gardenal 10mg dose in the treatment of insomnia: Take 1 Gardenal 10mg tablet in the evening before going to bed. During the use of Gardenal 10mg, patients should strictly follow the doctor's instructions on the recommended dose, do not change or adjust without consulting the doctor.
About how to use, Gardenal 10mg medicine gives the best effect when used according to the instructions. In addition, the patient needs to discuss with the doctor about other supportive measures such as adjusting and maintaining a scientific and healthy diet, increasing the intake of fresh vegetables and saying no to stimulants. like alcohol and drugs. At the same time, the use of Gardenal 10mg will be more effective if the patient has a regular exercise regimen to strengthen the body's resistance.
4. Contraindications of Gardenal 10mg
Gardenal 10mg tablets are absolutely not used in the following cases:
Patient is in respiratory failure; People with porphyria; Patients with a background or history of hypersensitivity to Phenobarbital or any of the excipients or excipients contained in Gardenal 10mg; Hypersensitivity to barbiturates.
5. Gardenal 10mg . side effects
Similar to other drugs, the use of Gardenal 10mg may lead to some undesirable effects as follows:
Drowsiness, sleep during the day; Macrocytic anemia due to folic acid deficiency; Osteoarthritis, osteomalacia, rickets in children; Psychosis; Using more than the recommended dose can lead to poisoning with manifestations of respiratory failure, coma, cardiovascular collapse; Allergic reactions, hypersensitivity to phenobarbital such as urticaria, rash, rash, boils...; nystagmus; State of excitement or confusion; Lyell's syndrome. Patients need to quickly inform the treating doctor about the unwanted effects encountered during the use of Gardenal 10mg for advice on adjusting the appropriate dose and ensuring safety for health.
6. Gardenal 10mg . Drug Interactions
The active ingredient Phenobarbital in Gardenal 10mg can interact and reduce the plasma concentration of the following drugs when used concurrently, including antibiotics Doxycycline, Cyclosporin, Quinidine, Theophylline, beta-blockers, Felodipine, Nimodipine; Gardenal 10mg may make oral contraceptives less effective or less effective; When used concurrently, Gardenal 10mg may reduce the effect of systemic corticosteroids, oral anticoagulants and digitoxin; The risk of convulsions is increased with concomitant administration of Gardenal 10mg with tricyclic antidepressants; In the treatment of epileptic convulsions, the dose of Gardenal should be reduced by 10 mg when concomitantly with Valproic Acid; Gardenal 10mg can interact and increase the effect of antihistamines H1, Benzodiazepines, Clonidine, Morphine derivatives, neuroleptics or anti-anxiety drugs (due to increased levels of central nervous system depression). To limit possible drug interactions, patients should inform their doctor of all medications they are taking before starting Gardenal 10mg or any other medication.
7. Some notes when using and storing Gardenal 10mg
Patients need to carefully read and understand the instructions on the product packaging before starting to use Gardenal 10mg, if there are any questions, they should discuss or consult a doctor.
People who are being treated with Gardenal 10mg should not suddenly stop using the drug because of the risk of continuous convulsive seizures. Doctors need to adjust the dosage of Gardenal 10mg in people with kidney failure, liver failure, the elderly, alcoholism, drug use and patients with depression. In women who have just given birth, if previously using Gardenal 10mg, the baby is at risk of bleeding syndrome within 24 hours. To prevent this problem, pregnant women need to take vitamin K1 prophylactically about 1 month before birth and give it to their babies at birth. Patients absolutely do not use alcohol and alcoholic beverages during treatment with Gardenal 10mg. Because the drug has a side effect of causing rickets in children, during the use of Gardenal 10mg, it is necessary to add Vitamin D2. Limit the use of Gardenal 10mg for pregnant women or breastfeeding mothers. It is necessary to obtain the consent of the doctor before treatment. Gardenal 10mg drug can be used for drivers and machine operators because it has little effect on the user's alertness and concentration. Store Gardenal 10mg at temperatures below 30 degrees Celsius, avoid direct sunlight or store in humid places such as bathrooms.
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