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Cisplaton medicine has the main ingredient is Cisplatin with the content of 50mg / 100ml. This is a drug that has anti-cancer effects and affects the immune system. This drug is indicated in the treatment of many different cancers, such as ovarian cancer, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer.
1. What is Cisplaton?
What is Cisplaton? Cisplaton medicine has the main ingredient is Cisplatin with the strength of 50mg / 100ml. This is a drug that has anti-cancer effects and affects the immune system. This drug is indicated in the treatment of many different cancers, such as ovarian cancer, head and neck cancer, and lung cancer.
Cisplaton is prepared as a solution for intravenous infusion after dilution. Packing is a medicine box containing 1 vial of infusion solution.
1.1. Pharmacodynamics of active ingredient Cisplatin Cancer treatment drug.
1.2. Pharmacokinetics of active substance Cisplatin Distribution: Active substance Cisplatin is concentrated in the liver, small intestine and testes. This active substance does not cross the blood-brain barrier, so it enters the cerebrospinal fluid less. Cisplatin concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid are relatively low, although the amount of cisplatin found in brain tumors is high. Studies on laboratory animals show that the active ingredient is able to enter the uterus into the ovaries. Elimination and excretion: After intravenous administration, the active substance Cisplatin is broken down in two stages. The first phase is rapid with a half-life of 25 to 49 minutes and is followed by a prolonged elimination phase with a half-life of 2 to 4 days. Cisplatin is excreted mainly by the kidneys. Approximately 15-25% of a dose is rapidly eliminated, mainly as intact drug, in the first 2 to 4 hours and 20-75% in the first 24 hours. The remaining drug is retained in tissues or bound to plasma proteins. 1.3. The action of the active ingredient Cisplatin Pharmacokinetics Cisplatin is a platinum compound and is only active in the isomeric form. The drug creates cross-links within and between two strands of DNA, altering DNA structure and inhibiting DNA synthesis. In addition, active ingredient Cisplatin also inhibits protein and RNA synthesis. This effect is not stage-specific in the cell cycle.
2. What are the effects of Cisplaton?
What does Cisplaton do? Cisplaton drug is indicated in the treatment of cancer, specifically:Head and neck cancer that has no longer worked with other drugs. Endometrial cancer, small cell lung cancer, and certain types of childhood cancer (Wilms tumor). Late-stage bladder cancer can no longer be treated locally, active ingredient Cisplatin is used alone in this case. Testicular cancer has metastasized, advanced ovarian cancer has been surgical intervention such as surgery or radiation.
3. Usage and dosage of Cisplaton
3.1. How to use Cisplaton drug It is recommended to drink enough water for users before and 24 hours after infusion of drugs containing Cisplatin to ensure good urine output and minimize the risk of nephrotoxicity. Water infusion before treatment: 2 liters of 5% glucose can be infused intravenously in 1/2 or 1/3 of 0.9% NaCl and infused over a period of 2 to 4 hours. How to use: Cisplatin injection can be mixed into 1 liter of 0.9% NaCl and infused in an appropriate time. Fluid infusion after treatment: it is very important to maintain adequate water and urine for 24 hours after infusion. 3.2. Dosage of Cisplaton: Treatment with cisplaton alone: The typical dosage and regimen is 50-120mg/m2 of body skin, used with a frequency of once every 4 weeks or used 15-20mg/m2 of muscle skin. can/day used for 5 consecutive days. In patients with impaired bone marrow function, the dose should be reduced. Combination therapy: Cisplaton is often used in combination with the following anti-cancer drugs: Treatment of testicular cancer: Vinblastin, Actinomycin D, Bleomycin. Treatment of ovarian cancer: Cyclophosphamide, Hexamethylmelamin, Doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil. Treatment of head and neck cancer: Bleomycin, Methotrexate. Continued treatment with Cisplatin: Cisplaton should only be used when serum creatinine is below 140 micromol/liter and serum urea is below 9 micromol/liter and platelet count is acceptable. Drug users should have their hearing tested before and while taking Cisplaton.
4. Undesirable effects of the drug Cisplaton
During the use of Cisplaton, drug users may experience the following specific undesirable effects:
Nausea and vomiting begin to occur 1 to 4 hours after taking the drug and can last If this condition persists for up to 1 week, you should consult your treating physician to consider discontinuing the drug. Increased nephrotoxicity due to cumulative and dose-related drug use limits the use of the drug. Toxic effects are more prolonged and more severe if this drug is used repeatedly. Mild increased bone marrow toxicity may occur with decreased white blood cell and platelet counts and subsequently anemia. These signs and symptoms are usually reversible upon discontinuation of treatment. Anaphylactoid reactions including facial edema, wheezing, tachycardia, rash and hypotension have been reported in people following the use of Cisplaton. This reaction usually occurs several minutes after administration of the drug, which can be controlled with intravenous adrenaline, corticosteroids and/or antihistamines. Tinnitus and/or hearing loss at high frequencies (>4000 Hz) may occur in 10-30% of drug users. Patients may have unilateral or bilateral hearing loss and ototoxicity more severe in children, must closely monitor hearing function during treatment. Decreases in blood magnesium and calcium may occur and manifest as muscle excitability, cramps, hand-foot joint spasms, myoclonic jerks or spasticity. Increased uric acid levels in the blood may occur, especially at doses greater than 50 mg/m2. Uric acid increased to the maximum on day 3 to day 5 after taking the drug. The active ingredient Allopurinol can reduce serum uric acid levels. Peripheral neuropathy with signs such as glove-like paresthesia, loss of reflexes, loss of self-awareness, and sensation of tremor, especially when cisplatin is given in high doses or more often. These syndromes are reversible. Retinal toxicity manifests as blurred vision and altered color perception. Optic neuritis caused by the use of this drug has been reported.
5. Cisplaton drug interactions
Some drugs that can cause myelosuppression or radiation therapy include Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for gout.
Cisplaton drug interactions may change its ability to work or increase the effect of unwanted effects. You need to proactively list to your doctor or pharmacist all the prescription and nonprescription drugs, vitamins and minerals, herbal products and wellness foods you are taking to minimize possible drug interactions.
6. Some notes when using Cisplaton
Some notes when using Cisplaton as follows:
6.1. Contraindications of the drug Cisplaton Contraindications of the drug Cisplaton in the following cases:
People with hypersensitivity or hypersensitivity to the main active ingredient is Cisplatin or platinum-containing compounds. Women who are pregnant, during lactation. People with severe bone marrow failure, severe kidney failure, watery eyes, chickenpox, herpes zoster (shingles), hearing disorder, gout, recent infections, peripheral neuropathy cisplatin-induced etiology. 6.2. Precautions when using Cisplaton Special caution when using Cisplaton drug for people with mild renal impairment, mild decrease in hematopoietic system and hearing organs, patients who have previously been treated for diseases. cancer with methods such as chemotherapy or radiation.
6.3. What to do in case of spillage If Cisplaton is spilled, take the following steps:
Limit movement around the affected area or spilled area. Wear 2 pairs of latex gloves, respirator, gown and goggles. To prevent Cisplaton from spreading, an absorbent material such as an absorbent towel or absorbent granules should be applied to the soil or treated with 5% sodium hypochlorite. Collect contaminated items from spilled medication into a non-perforated plastic container with a label. Cytotoxic wastes must be classified as hazardous or toxic and clearly labeled "cytotoxic waste for destruction at 1100°C". This waste should be incinerated at high temperature for at least 1 second. Rinse or wipe remaining contact surfaces with plenty of water. Above is all information about Cisplaton drug, patients need to carefully read the instructions for use, consult a doctor / pharmacist before using. Absolutely do not arbitrarily buy Cisplaton to treat the disease at home, because there may be unwanted side effects to health.
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