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Amlodac 5mg medicine is made in the form of tablets, the main ingredient is Amlodipine. Amlodac is indicated for the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.
1. Uses of Amlodac 5mg
Amlodac 5mg medicine contains Amlodipine 5mg ingredient. So what does Amlodac 5 treat?
1.1 Pharmacodynamics Amlodipine is a derivative of Dihydropyridine, has antihypertensive effect by relaxing the smooth muscle around the peripheral arteries, has less effect than myocardial calcium channels, so it does not lead to poor atrioventricular conduction in the heart. go, does not adversely affect muscle force. Besides, Amlodipine has a good effect of reducing renal vascular resistance, increasing renal blood flow, and improving kidney function, so the drug is also used to treat patients with compensated heart failure.
In addition, Amlodipine does not adversely affect plasma lipid levels or glucose metabolism, so Amlodipine can be used to treat hypertension in diabetic patients. However, there are no long-term clinical trials to demonstrate that Amlodipine reduces mortality. At the same time, because Amlodipine has a slow effect, there is little risk of acute hypotension and reflex tachycardia.
Antianginal effect: Amlodipine dilates the peripheral arteries, reducing the resistance in the peripheral vessels (reduced afterload). Because heart rate is not affected, afterload decreases, reducing the work of the heart, reducing the need to supply oxygen and energy to the myocardium, reducing the risk of angina. In addition, Amlodipine also causes coronary artery dilation in the ischemic and normal areas of the blood supply. Vasodilation increases oxygen delivery to patients with spasmodic angina (Prinzmetal's pattern).
1.2 Indications Amlodac is indicated for use in the following cases:
Treatment of hypertension; Treatment of chronic stable angina; Treatment of Prinzmetal's angina. 1.3 Contraindications Amlodac 5mg is contraindicated in the following cases:
Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to Amlodipine, Dihydropyridine or other ingredients in the drug; Patients with heart failure, shock (including cardiogenic shock), hypotension, unstable angina, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (severe aortic stenosis), hemodynamically unstable heart failure after infarction acute myocardial infarction ; Breastfeeding women; Children under 6 years old.
2. Usage and dosage of Amlodac 5mg
2.1 How to take Amlodac by mouth as directed by your doctor. Amlodac can be taken regardless of the meal.
2.2 Dosage Usual dose:
Treatment of hypertension: The usual starting dose is 5mg/time/day, the maximum dose is 10mg/time/day. For thin patients, the elderly or patients with liver failure can start with a dose of 2.5mg / time / day; Treatment of Angina: For the management of chronic stable angina or angina pectoris due to coronary artery spasm, a dose of 5 - 10m/day is recommended. No dosage adjustment is necessary in case of combination with thiazide diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or beta-blockers. Dosage in special populations:
Elderly: Use the same dose of Amlodac for the elderly and young people, but special care is required if the dose is increased.; Hepatic Impairment: Dosage should be used with caution, starting with the lowest dose in patients with mild and moderate hepatic impairment. Amlodipine should be started at the lowest dose, increasing the dose gradually in patients with severe hepatic impairment; Patients with renal impairment: Use usual dosage; Children: Children and adolescents with hypertension 6 to 17 years of age: 2.5 mg once daily with initial dose, increase dose to 5 mg once daily if target blood pressure is not achieved after 4 week of treatment. Not studied with doses exceeding 5mg/day; Children under 6 years of age: No dosage instructions are available. Overdose: Very rare cases of Amlodipine toxicity. The use of 30 mg of Amlodipine in 18-month-old children causes only moderate toxicity. In case of overdose with calcium blockers, it should be managed by: Monitoring the heart by electrocardiogram, treating symptoms of cardiovascular effects, gastric lavage, giving activated charcoal. If necessary, electrolytes should be adjusted. In case of bradycardia and heart block, it is necessary to inject atropine at a dose suitable for adults and children. If necessary, repeat injection. In addition, intravenous drip of calcium gluconate solution, isoprenalin or adrenaline or dopamine can be added to adults at a suitable dose. For patients with hypovolaemia, 0.9% sodium chloride infusion is recommended or when a pacemaker is required. In case of severe hypotension, intravenous injection of 0.9% adrenaline sodium chloride solution is recommended. If not effective, use isoprenaline in combination with amrinone. Combined symptomatic treatment.
Missed dose: If you forget to take a dose of Amlodac 5mg, the patient should take it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the scheduled time.
3. Amlodac 5mg . side effects
Some side effects when using Amlodac 5mg include:
Common: Ankle edema, dizziness, headache, flushing and hot face, weakness, fatigue, palpitations, cramps, abdominal pain, nausea, indigestion, trouble breathing; Uncommon: Chest pain, tachycardia, excessive hypotension, skin rash or itching, myalgia, arthralgia, sleep disturbance; Rare: Extrasystoles, gingival hyperplasia, urticaria, hyperglycemia, elevated liver enzymes, confusion, erythema multiforme,...
4. Be careful when using Amlodac 5mg
Some notes users need to remember when using Amlodac 5mg drug:
Treat patients with heart failure carefully, especially patients with congestive heart failure because the drug may increase the risk of cardiovascular events in the future. future, increased mortality; The half-life of Amlodipine (the main ingredient of Amlodac) is prolonged, the AUC value is higher in subjects with impaired liver function. The drug should be started with the lowest dose, used with caution both at initiation and with increasing dose. Dose should be slowly titrated, carefully monitored in patients with severe hepatic impairment; Amlodipine can be used in patients with renal impairment at the usual dose; Use the usual dose of Amlodipine for the elderly, but special care may be required; The effectiveness of Amlodac 5mg in children under 6 years old is not clear, so it should not be used for this subject; Amlodipine can cause side effects such as: Dizziness, headache, fatigue, ... should be careful when using the drug for drivers, operating machines; With caution, consult your doctor before taking Amlodac for pregnant and nursing women.
5. Amlodac 5mg . drug interactions
Some of the drug interactions of Amlodac 5mg include:
5.1 Effects of other drugs on Amlodipine CYP3A4 inhibitors: Concomitant use of Amlodipine with moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (Diltiazem, Verapamil, class antifungals). azoles, protease inhibitors, macrolides such as erythromycin or clarithromycin) may increase exposure to Amlodipine leading to a risk of hypotension, especially in the elderly. Therefore, clinical monitoring and dose adjustment if necessary; Inducers of CYP3A4: Concomitant use of Amlodipine with CYP3A4 drugs (Rifampicin, fenugreek) may decrease Amlodipine exposure. Therefore, caution should be exercised when combining these drugs; Administration of Amlodipine with grapefruit or grapefruit juice is not recommended because bioavailability may be increased in some patients leading to an increased antihypertensive effect; Dantrolen (infusion): Due to the risk of hyperkalemia, it is not recommended to use calcium channel blockers such as Amlodipine with Dantrolen to avoid the risk of malignant hyperthermia in the patient. 5.2 Effects of Amlodipine on Other Drugs Amlodipine may have synergistic antihypertensive effects when used concurrently with other antihypertensive agents; Tacrolimus: There is a risk of increased tacrolimus concentrations when co-administered with Amlodipine. To avoid tacrolimus toxicity, when tacrolimus is co-administered with Amlodipine, it is necessary to monitor blood levels of tacrolimus, adjust tacrolimus as necessary; Cyclosporin: Consider monitoring cyclosporin levels in renal transplant patients while taking Amlodipine, reducing cyclosporin dose if necessary; Simvastatin: A dose of 10 mg Amlodipine + 80 mg simvastatin was associated with a 77% increase in the effects of simvastatin compared with simvastatin alone. Therefore, the dose of simvastatin should be limited to 20 mg/day in patients receiving Amlodipine; In clinical interaction studies, Amlodipine did not affect the pharmacokinetics of Digoxin, Atorvastatin or Warfarin. Before using Amlodac 5mg, patients should inform their doctor about their medical history and any medications they are taking. From there, the doctor can make appropriate adjustments to ensure the highest therapeutic effect in the patient.
Amlodac 5mg medicine is made in the form of tablets, the main ingredient is Amlodipine. Amlodac is indicated for the treatment of high blood pressure and angina. To ensure effective treatment and avoid side effects, patients need to take the drug according to the prescription or consult a doctor or pharmacist.
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