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The article was professionally consulted by Dr. Nguyen Anh Tu - Doctor of Obstetric Ultrasound - Prenatal Diagnosis - Obstetrics Department - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital.Ovulation occurs when a zygote forms and develops a fetus into an abnormal mass in the uterus. An ectopic pregnancy is an abnormal pregnancy, which, if not detected and intervened early, can lead to many dangerous complications such as: Blood loss, haemorrhage, trophoblastic cancer... Effective laboratory diagnostic method allows early identification of pregnancy status.
1. Fetal ultrasound
Fetal ultrasound is a non-invasive method that plays a very important role in diagnosing pregnancy. Fetal ultrasound image:
No fetal heart activity, no amniotic sac image, fetal echo. Typically, in a bright uterus, there are pictures of many small water cysts with holes like honeycombs (pictures of snow, bread intestines) in a whole pregnancy. In a partial ovum, it is more difficult to distinguish from a stillbirth, where an abnormal part of the placenta may be seen (fetus associated with a partial ovum). In the case of pregnancy, the egg penetrates the uterine muscle: causing perforation of the uterine muscle layer and fluid (blood) in the abdomen. In the case of a malignancy (trophoblastic cancer) there may be bleeding inside the uterus. Presence of one or both sides of the thyroid gland.
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2. Anatomy of pregnancy
Overall: There are 2 types of ovum:
Total ovum: The whole part of the vesicle develops into the follicles. Partial pregnancy: The appearance of follicles with normal placental tissue, or both embryos, the fetus usually dies in the first 3 months of pregnancy. The diameter of the follicle is 1-3mm. The follicles often stick together to form egg sacs or clusters of grapes. During pregnancy, the ovaries are affected by the hormone HCG. Presence of thyroid cysts on one or both sides of the ovary. Diameter from a few centimeters to several tens of centimeters, containing yellow fluid. Thyroid cysts usually have many lobes, and the capsule shell is thin and smooth.
Microscopic:
Spinal edema and degeneration of connective tissue, no fibrous cells, fibers and blood vessels. The linkage axis contains many internal fluids. Hypertrophic thyroblasts (morphologically similar to normal trophoblastic cells, but may also encounter some trophoblastic nuclei or mitotic nuclei), imbalance between homozygous ratio and cultured stem cells. Formation of clumps of free cultured fibroblasts. In partial oviposition, in addition to the images of axonal degeneration and trophoblastic hyperplasia, there are normal morphologically normal vesicles.
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3. Diagnosis of pregnancy
3.1. Definitive diagnosis Diagnosis of ovulatory pregnancy is mainly based on beta-hCG levels and ultrasound images of the ovum.
3.2. Differential diagnosis Vaginal bleeding symptoms should be distinguished from the following common obstetric abnormalities:
Threat of normal miscarriage: The uterus is not larger than the gestational age, and the beta-hCG level is not high. Ectopic pregnancy: vaginal bleeding, small uterus, painful uterine mass. Stillbirth: Uterine smaller than gestational age, low Beta-hCG, breast with colostrum secretion. Often easily confused with partial ovum, distinguishable only by pathology. Large uterus needs to be differentiated from:
Large uterine fibroids with heavy bleeding Large pregnancy Multiple pregnancy Morning sickness symptoms are distinguished from severe morning sickness in normal or multiple pregnancy.
Dịch vụ thai sản trọn gói tại Vinmec được nhiều mẹ bầu quan tâm và sử dụng
At Vinmec International General Hospital, there is a package maternity service as a solution to help pregnant women feel secure because of the companionship of the medical team throughout the pregnancy. When choosing Maternity Package, pregnant women can:
The pregnancy process is monitored by a team of qualified doctors Regular check-up, early detection of abnormalities Maternity package helps to facilitate the process. Birth program Newborns receive comprehensive care To register for examination and treatment at Vinmec International General Hospital, you can contact Vinmec Health System nationwide, or register online HERE HERE
