Treatment options for colorectal polyps

This is an automatically translated article.

The article was professionally consulted by MSc Vu Van Quan - Gastroenterologist, Department of General Surgery & Anesthesiology - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital
Colorectal polyps are benign tumors. When too many of these tumors appear in the large intestine, the disease is called multiple colorectal polyps. Although the majority of polyps are benign, patients with multiple colorectal polyps have a potential risk of cancer, because when one of the tumors is excessively proliferating and undifferentiated, it will become malignant.

1. Treatment of colon polyps

In case the patient has many polyps, polyps are large or cause complications such as abdominal pain, bleeding, nausea, vomiting, ... need to be diagnosed early, indicated polypectomy surgery to prevent the appearance of polyps. Cancer is dangerous to health.
Currently, colon polyp surgery has many different ways, depending on the polyp size:
If the polyp is small in size, it can be removed through colonoscopy. In the case of large tumors, doctors can hold consultations to have the most suitable treatment method, then decide laparoscopic or open surgery to benefit the most for the patient. The tumor is too large or the patient does not respond to laparoscopic surgery will be forced to apply abdominal fat removal method. In case there are many polyps or polyps are large or have caused complications such as abdominal pain, bleeding, vomiting, nausea, it is necessary to consult to appoint surgical removal, in order to prevent the appearance of cancer. After the colon polyps have been removed, you may need to use some additional drugs to limit the recurrence of polyps. The surgical methods of treating colon polyps are listed below:
Stem polyps are cut with the Snare technique Small pedunculated polyps will be removed with thermal biopsy pliers If the patient has large pedunculated polyps, Doctors can use low intensity Blend Cut or Coagulation current to limit bleeding. If the polyp is located in difficult, hidden locations, it will be cut after the endoscope has been attached with a clear plastic tube.

2. Treatment of rectal polyps

The most commonly recommended treatment for rectal polyps is to remove all polyps from the large intestine and rectum because these polyps can lead to cancer. Polyps are removed during colonoscopy using either a slicing knife or an electrocautery knife. Abdominal surgery if polyps do not have a stem or cannot be removed during laparoscopy.
If polyps develop into cancer, the treatment of rectal polyps will depend on the ability of the cancer to spread. The extent of the spread will be determined by looking at the polyp under a microscope. If the cancer is low, no further treatment is required. Once the cancer has invaded the polyp stalks, the affected sections of the large intestine need to be surgically removed.
Another alternative surgical treatment for rectal polyps is to remove the part of the colon that was diagnosed with cancer and to transplant the rectum together with the small intestine. This method is very popular because they can remove rectal polyps.
Once the rectum has been removed, you must surgically create an opening in the small intestine outside the abdominal wall, also known as an ileostomy or colostomy. This waste can be passed through an opening and then into a disposable bag.
Several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are being tested for their ability to destroy tumors caused by familial polyps. However, the effect of the drug is only temporary, and rectal polyps will slowly start to grow again if you stop taking the medicine.

3. Should colon polyps be removed?

Surgery to remove colon polyps is a necessary and effective treatment in cases where there are many polyps, large polyps or complications.
Patients after removal of colon polyps need periodic re-examination to be closely monitored, not subjective,. Besides, after the polyp has been removed, some drugs can be used to limit the recurrence of polyps. But what kind of drug, dosage and how long to use it must be prescribed by the doctor to examine you, the patient should not listen to the advice of others or look on the internet, because, using Some of these drugs may have undesirable effects that should be taken into account.
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