This is an automatically translated article.
The article is professionally consulted by Doctor Emergency Resuscitation Department - Vinmec Hai Phong International General Hospital.
Salmonella is a type of bacteria that can cause a disease in the digestive tract of humans and animals called Salmonella infection. Although rare, the harmful effects of salmonella bacteria can be transmitted from the intestines to the bloodstream and to other places in the body.
1. What is Salmonella?
Salmonella infection is an infection of Salmonella bacteria in the stomach and intestines. This disease is similar to gastritis. Most patients with mild infections clear up on their own in 4 to 7 days without treatment. Salmonella bacteria also known as typhoid bacteria include S. typhi and S. paratyphi A, B, C all strains are capable of causing typhoid.
Typhoid bacteria enter the body's digestive system, after death, it will release endotoxins. The more Salmonella bacteria die, the more toxins are released to attack the infected person's body. The endotoxins of salmonella bacteria cause very bad effects in the intestine, the endotoxins will damage the intestinal lining (irritation of the intestines causing abdominal pain, bleeding, or possibly perforation). The endotoxin released by salmonella bacteria enters the bloodstream to the central nervous system, causing nervous system damage and systemic toxicity.
Salmonella bacteria have good vitality and resistance. This bacterium is cold tolerant, live in ice for 2 - 3 months, in plain water for > 1 month, in vegetables for 5 - 10 days, in feces for 1 to several months. Salmonella bacteria are killed at a temperature of 55 degrees C / 30 minutes, alcohol 90 degrees C / a few minutes, common disinfectants kill bacteria easily (chloramin 3%, phenol 5%).
2. Symptoms of Salmonella infection
Most people infected with Salmonella have the following signs and symptoms within 12-72 hours of exposure to the bacteria:
Diarrhea: Loose, viscous, yellow-brown, very foul stools , about 5-6 times/day Continuous high fever (39 or 400C) Blood in stools Abdominal pain and bloating in the right iliac fossa. Neurotoxicity due to Salmonella bacterial toxins (headache, insomnia, nightmares, tinnitus, slurred speech). Small, flat rash on chest, abdomen, flanks. The rash appears for about 7-12 days and then disappears. In severe cases, people infected with Salmonella have symptoms of shaking hands to catch dragonflies or lying motionless, apathetic, lethargic, lethargic, delirium, and coma (uncommon). In rare cases, Salmonella infection can be fatal if the person is not treated promptly and correctly. However, there are some people who are infected with Salmonella, but because the body already has antibodies, the number of bacteria is small and the virulence of the bacteria is weak, so they may have digestive disorders for a few days and then go away on their own. A very small number of them become carriers of the bacteria, which can last for many months.
3. Harm of salmonella bacteria
Typhoid fever is caused by bacteria Salmonella enterica serotype typhi with prolonged fever, causing many serious complications such as:
Gastrointestinal bleeding Intestinal perforation Myocarditis Encephalitis easily leads to death. To prevent Salmonella typhoid, people should
Wash hands with soap and warm water after using the bathroom, after changing a baby's diaper or after touching animals, and before eating or preparing food. eat. Thoroughly cook all foods (beef, pork, chicken, duck...) Do not eat raw or undercooked eggs Drink only pasteurized milk Wash cutting boards and counters used to prepare meat or poultry immediately after when used to avoid cross-contamination with other foods. Health authorities need to have a plan to periodically check health and check food safety and hygiene at hotels, restaurants, food processing and distribution places (markets, supermarkets...).
Vinmec International General Hospital is one of the hospitals that not only ensures professional quality with a team of doctors, modern equipment and technology. The hospital provides comprehensive, professional medical examination, consultation and treatment services, civilized, polite, safe and maximum sterilization space. Customers when choosing to perform tests here can be completely assured of the accuracy of test results.
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