Resuscitation of patients after cardiovascular surgery

This is an automatically translated article.

Heart surgery is a method used to treat patients with a number of heart-related diseases, which can be open or closed surgery. Especially after cardiovascular surgery, patients need to be closely monitored their health status as well as care and resuscitate patients after cardiovascular surgery to detect abnormal conditions early, and promptly bring them to the body. medical facility for treatment.

1. What is heart surgery?

Heart surgery is a surgical treatment that is applied to patients with heart health problems or related to the human circulatory system. There are two main types of heart surgery: open surgery and closed surgery. The techniques in the heart surgery method can be replacement of the heart valve, repair of heart valve abnormalities, establishment of coronary artery bypass... Closed heart surgery means that the method of heart surgery does not need to run the heart machine. artificial lungs, and open heart surgery requires the support of an artificial heart and lung machine. In particular, open-heart surgery using an artificial heart-lung machine is the most complicated method, requiring a lot of difficult techniques and the patient also needs to be cared for and closely monitored during the surgery as well as after. surgery. Heart surgery is considered a difficult treatment to perform, requiring full modern equipment as well as doctors in many different fields involved in the surgical process such as anesthesiologists, surgeons, and surgeons. surgeons and doctors with expertise in the field of extracorporeal circulation.
Because this is an invasive surgery to the most important organ of the human body, after cardiovascular surgery, the patient needs to be monitored and taken some measures to prevent complications after heart surgery. such as hypertension after surgery or myocardial infarction after surgery, as well as helping patients recover their health.

2. Causes of cardiovascular complications after surgery

After cardiovascular surgery, it is necessary to take care and resuscitate the patient after surgery to be able to detect and treat some complications after heart surgery. The cause of cardiovascular complications after surgery is that the patient's health condition before surgery is unstable and the surgery has a heavy impact on the patient's body, making the patient more susceptible to complications. Complications after heart surgery, maybe before surgery the patient is in a state of some cardiovascular diseases, heart failure but has not been treated effectively, so the patient's condition becomes exhausted, the dynamic pressure is low. Pulmonary vessels increase, some risk diseases such as diabetes, kidney failure ...
In addition, another cause leading to complications after surgery is the age of the patient. If the patient is less than 1 year old or older than 80 years, there is a greater risk of complications, requiring a more intensive and frequent care regimen. Some common postoperative complications are low cardiac output, infection, lung and neurological diseases...

3. Resuscitate patients after surgery

When caring for and resuscitating patients after cardiovascular surgery, it is necessary to follow some key principles as follows:
Maintain stable circulatory functions, consistent with the hemodynamic index after cardiac surgery. and promptly detect abnormal clinical signs, pay attention to the patient's electrocardiogram and hemodynamics. Depending on each specific patient, the treating doctor may prescribe some necessary and valuable tests in diagnosing and determining the cause of complications. Through the disease status and laboratory results to assess whether the surgery is effective or not, it is necessary to change the new treatment method or not. Treatment to prevent infection in the patient. Some key issues to keep in mind when resuscitating patients after surgery and preventing complications after heart surgery are:

Regular blood tests, especially Prothrombin time and INR, serve as a basis for adjusting anticoagulants to suit the patient's condition. If the patient's blood is thin, there may be bleeding, on the contrary, if the blood thinning is not up to the standard, the mechanical heart valve can be stuck, leading to acute heart failure, even death. Commonly used anticoagulants can be Sintrom and Coumadin, maintain an appropriate dose so that the blood INR is in the range of 2.5-3.5, if this index exceeds 8.9, anticoagulation should be adjusted. Because anticoagulants must be used, when resuscitating patients after cardiovascular surgery, attention should be paid to bleeding problems. Signs of bleeding after cardiovascular surgery are sudden bleeding, red or black stools, hematuria, severe headache, coma, dizziness, dizziness, abdominal pain, low back pain, Vomiting fresh blood, appearing bruises spreading gradually, nosebleeds a lot, signs of yellowing of the skin and eye mucosa... Absolutely do not use to make up for the amount of anticoagulant you forgot to use the day before, but only use it. Use every day as directed by your doctor. Do not give aspirin to patients because it can increase bleeding. Do not use alcohol during resuscitation. Do not carry, perform lifting heavy objects weighing more than 4.5 kg or activities that use pulling or pushing of the hand. When the incision has not healed, do not take a bath and do not rub the wound with soap. Do not drive for 4-6 weeks after surgery. When lying and sitting, do not cross your legs because it will put pressure on the veins below the knee, leading to slow bleeding. Do not strain when having a bowel movement because it will strain the muscles, resulting in an effect on the pressure of the recovering left heart. Do not work too much during the day, but just work lightly, divide the number of times done, and have time to rest for your health to recover. Check a number of factors regularly such as body temperature, weight in the first 1-2 weeks, if there is a fever above 38.5°C with chills and weight gain, it is necessary to notify the doctor immediately for timely treatment. handling. Avoid worries, thoughts and stress in life as it will make the heart work more during this period.

Eat, drink and exercise according to the right regimen for the body. Do not smoke and use some stimulants such as coffee because it can increase the patient's heart rate Learn to count the body's heart rate by taking pulse at the wrist is the location of the radial artery to know The level of activity of the body is suitable for the recovery of the cardiovascular system in the body or not. Relatives and friends of the patient should also encourage and help the patient during the recovery period after heart surgery because this stage requires a long time, so the patient may have anxiety, low self-esteem and low self-esteem. Poor integration into society, so it needs the attention and understanding of family, friends and society. Resuscitating patients after cardiovascular surgery is one of the difficult processes, requiring the efforts and perseverance of the patient and the surrounding relatives and medical staff. Because heart surgery is a complicated invasive technique, patients after cardiovascular surgery need to follow the instructions during this recovery to prevent unwanted complications, and with the support of doctors. , nurses and social families also play an important role in helping patients return to normal life in the fastest time.
To protect heart health in general and detect early signs of myocardial infarction and stroke, customers can sign up for Cardiovascular Screening Package - Basic Cardiovascular Examination of Vinmec International General Hospital . The examination package helps to detect cardiovascular problems at the earliest through tests and modern imaging methods. The package is for all ages, genders and is especially essential for people with risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Customers can directly go to Vinmec Health system nationwide to visit or contact the hotline here for support