This is an automatically translated article.
The article was professionally consulted by Doctor Pham Tuyet Trinh - Cardiovascular Center - Vinmec Times City International General Hospital.High blood pressure is a common chronic disease, but it is also known as the "silent killer" because it goes on silently, patients barely recognize the signs of hypertension. The following article will help you better understand this disease as well as the signs to help you recognize high blood pressure.
Hypertension is a chronic disease that occurs when the blood pressure on the artery walls is higher than normal. According to the 2010 guidelines for hypertension treatment of the Ministry of Health, hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >= 90 mmHg.
1. Causes of high blood pressure
Most hypertension in adults has no known cause (primary hypertension), with only about 10% of cases having a cause (secondary hypertension). The cause of hypertension can be detected through history taking, physical examination, and routine laboratory findings. Some cases of hypertension that need attention to find the cause include: hypertension at a young age (<30 years), treatment-resistant hypertension, advanced or malignant hypertension.Common causes of secondary hypertension include:
Acute or chronic kidney disease: Acute/chronic glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, nephrolithiasis, polycystic kidney, hydronephrosis, renal failure Arterial stenosis Kidney Primary Hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) Cushing's syndrome Thyroid/parathyroid, pituitary pathology Drug-related, drug-related (Non-steroid anti-inflammatory, oral contraceptives, corticosteroids, ... ) Pregnancy toxicity Psychiatric factors
Trắc nghiệm: Bạn có hiểu đúng về huyết áp cao không?
Huyết áp cao còn được gọi là kẻ giết người thầm lặng vì bệnh thường không có triệu chứng. Thiếu hụt kiến thức về huyết áp cao có thể làm cho tình trạng bệnh trở nên trầm trọng hơn. Dưới đây là những câu hỏi trắc nghiệm vui giúp bạn hiểu đúng về bệnh cao huyết áp.2. 7 warning signs of high blood pressure
High blood pressure is the leading cause of heart attack, stroke, and even death for patients, but high blood pressure has almost no signs of recognition. That's why THA is also known as the "silent killer". The only way to know if you have high blood pressure is through regular blood pressure checks. This is especially important if you have a loved one who also has high blood pressure.If your blood pressure is high, there are several signs of hypertension that you need to look out for:
Headache Nosebleed Blood in the eye or conjunctival hemorrhage Numbness or tingling in the extremities Nausea and vomiting and dizziness Heart attack Also blood pressure can rise without any symptoms.
Nhức đầu, choáng và chóng mặt là dấu hiệu của tăng huyết áp
3. Hypertension will "attack" who?
Age: The risk of hypertension goes with age, especially in people 45 years of age and older Family history: The risk of high blood pressure is increased if someone in your family also has high blood pressure Being overweight, obesity: The more you weigh, the more blood you need to deliver more oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs. As the volume of blood circulating through the blood vessels increases, so does the blood pressure on the artery walls. Inactive: People who are sedentary tend to have a higher heart rate, the higher the heart rate, the harder your heart has to work, with each contraction, the greater the force on the arteries, the greater the blood pressure. higher pressure. Lack of physical activity also increases the risk of being overweight. Smoking: Smoking not only increases blood pressure temporarily, but the chemicals in smoke also damage the walls of blood vessels, which causes the arteries to narrow, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Passive smoking also increases your risk of heart disease. Eat a lot of salt: Too much salt in your diet causes your body to increase water retention, causing high blood pressure. Lack of potassium in the diet: Potassium helps balance the amount of sodium in your body, without enough potassium, you will accumulate too much sodium in the blood. Drinking a lot of beer and alcohol: Alcohol causes high blood pressure and increases the risk of heart disease due to blood pressure. Stress: A lot of stress can also cause a temporary increase in blood pressure. Having chronic diseases: Some chronic diseases are also at risk of causing high blood pressure such as kidney disease, diabetes, sleep apnea, ...
4. What complications does high blood pressure cause?
Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to the following complications:Heart attack, stroke: High blood pressure causes hardening and thickening of the blood vessel walls (atherosclerosis), which can lead to a heart attack, stroke or Other complications Aneurysm : Increased blood pressure causes the walls of the blood vessels to weaken and bulge, forming an aneurysm. If a blood vessel ruptures, it can be life-threatening. Heart failure: In order to pump blood against the high pressure in the vessel walls, your heart has to work harder, resulting in left ventricular hypertrophy. When the heart muscle thickens, it becomes difficult to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, which can lead to heart failure
Đau tim, đột quỵ, suy tim đều là những biến chứng cực kỳ nguy hiểm của tăng huyết áp
Renal failure due to the risk of narrowing of the renal artery when hypertension Retinal hemorrhage Metabolic syndrome: This syndrome includes a group of disorders of your body's metabolism, including: increased waist circumference, increased triglycerides, decreased HDL-C (good cholesterol), high insulin levels. These disorders make you more likely to develop diabetes, heart disease, stroke Brain complications: Narrowed arteries make it difficult for blood to flow to the brain, leading to stroke, brain hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, dementia memory.
5. Treatment of high blood pressure
Hypertension is a chronic disease, so it needs regular monitoring, proper and sufficient daily treatment, and long-term follow-up. Besides the drug treatment according to the doctor's protocol, lifestyle changes are also the treatment measures applied to all patients to prevent disease progression and complications; Monitoring can gradually reduce the amount of medication needed when blood pressure is well controlled.Lifestyle change measures in the treatment of hypertension include:
Reasonable diet, ensuring enough potassium and trace elements, reducing salt intake, increasing green vegetables, fresh fruits, limiting foods high in cholesterol and saturated fatty acids Actively control weight if overweight, maintain an ideal weight with a body mass index BMI from 18.5 to 22.9 kg/m2. Maintain a waist circumference less than 90cm in men and less than 80cm in women Limit alcohol and beer completely Stop smoking, pipe tobacco Increase physical activity to an appropriate level: exercise, walk or move in moderate level, regularly about 30-60 minutes a day Avoid anxiety, nervous tension, need to relax, have a reasonable rest Avoid sudden cold. Treatment of diseases that cause high blood pressure Hypertension is a silent process, with few symptoms, but can cause serious complications. Therefore, early recognition of the signs of high blood pressure makes the treatment simpler.
Currently, Vinmec has basic hypertension check-up packages with a team of medical-physicians who are leading experts, highly qualified, dedicated and wholeheartedly for the benefit of patients. Vimec is confident in the service of screening for hypertension because:
With 90% having university degrees, 20% are professors, associate professors, nearly 30% are doctors, bringing high efficiency in medical examination and treatment. Healing. Comprehensive and professional medical examination, consultation and treatment services. A system of modern equipment, supporting effective diagnosis and treatment. Modern, civilized, luxurious and sterile medical examination and treatment space. For advice and more information about service packages at Vinmec International General Hospital, please make an appointment at the website for service.
Please dial HOTLINE for more information or register for an appointment HERE. Download MyVinmec app to make appointments faster and to manage your bookings easily.
